As China’s socialist market economic system gradually replaces the planned economic system, what is the status quo of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry? What new measures should be taken in the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry? Taking the situation in Sichuan as an example, the author talks about some of his own suggestions. First, the status quo of agricultural machinery maintenance industry The welcome development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry. The first is rapid development. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, especially in the past ten years, with the rapid development of the rural economy and the gradual advancement of moderate-scale agricultural operations, the level of agricultural mechanization in Sichuan has been further improved, and the agricultural machinery maintenance industry has also developed rapidly. By the end of 1994, the province had a total of 13,987 farm machinery maintenance sites and 72,816 agricultural machinery repair workers, 259.27% ​​and 165.78% of the total in 1984. The province had repaired 4,845,550 units (pieces) of various farm machinery in 1994, more than ten years ago. The growth rate was 2.71 times, and the repaired and repaired agricultural machinery output value was 36.65 million yuan, which was tripled in ten years. At present, a multi-economy type, diversified operation forms, and various maintenance technology grades are developing together. The agricultural machinery maintenance network is distributed throughout towns and villages. It has basically taken shape and made due contributions to the development of the rural economy. The second is the continuous strengthening of industry management. Since 1984, through publicizing and implementing a series of administrative regulations such as the “Administrative Measures for National Rural Machinery Maintenance Centersâ€, the management of agricultural machinery maintenance industry has gradually entered an institutionalized and standardized track, which has effectively promoted the healthy development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry. 1. The characteristics of agricultural machinery maintenance industry development. First, there are many individual repair points. In the 1990s, individual repair sites developed rapidly, with an average growth rate of 8.99%, and individual repair sites accounted for 43.66% of the total repair network. The second is more small-scale repairs. Of the 13,897 repair sites in the province, 67.90% are small-scale repair sites. These repair sites generally have only one or two repair personnel and simple repair tools. Third, there are many low-tech repair points. As the ownership structure of agricultural machinery in rural areas has grown toward the direction of miniaturization and personal management, the proportion of individual and small-scale repair sites has continuously increased, and more and more low-level repair sites have been added to Grade III and below. Up to 90%. Fourth, there are many repair workers in different places. Due to the massive transfer of rural laborers, farmers’ work outside the home has increased. In order to facilitate overseas employment, many young peasants actively applied for a training assessment before leaving the country. After obtaining a certificate of technical qualification for a repairman, they then went out to work outside the company, especially in recent years. This feature is particularly prominent. 1. New problems facing management of agricultural machinery maintenance industry. First, the overall technical quality of farm machinery maintenance outlets declined. In the existing maintenance, due to the lack of necessary technical reform funds or consideration based on the opportunity cost, many repair sites do not have specialized repair equipment, or the equipment is too old to be up to standard, some are not necessary for repair, and some are even on the roadside. There are stalls in front of the house, and some lack repair technicians. In short, the overall technical quality is relatively lower. The second is that the repair quality is not high. Due to the poor technical conditions of the repair points, especially those without any licenses, they are called "the repair of the black shop" and the quality of the repairs is not fundamentally guaranteed. Disputes arising from the quality of repairs often occur. Third, the maintenance industry is increasingly difficult to manage. The number of repair points is widely spread, and there is a lack of management power. There is a "dead point" in management in many places; a serious shortage of management means restricts the development of maintenance industry management in depth; the definition of authority between departments is not clear, and cross-management is serious. Wrangling occurs from time to time; the number of repair personnel holding permits in different places continues to increase, bringing difficulties to day-to-day management. Second, the agricultural machinery maintenance industry management measures and suggestions Accelerate the pace of the construction of agricultural machinery maintenance management laws and regulations, and simply rely on administrative means to rely on the combination of legal and administrative measures. In the past ten years, the competent department of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry has made a lot of hard work in the management of the maintenance industry, which has played a very good role in the healthy development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry. However, with the development of the socialist market economy, management relying solely on administrative means has become increasingly authoritative and poorly managed. Therefore, on the basis of conscientiously summarizing the management experience of the maintenance industry over the years, in addition to supplementing and perfecting the existing administrative regulations, we must speed up the pace of construction of laws and regulations for the maintenance of agricultural machinery maintenance industry, and put the major policy issues involved in the industry management in legal form. To be clear, the maintenance industry's management work should be included in the legal system, and the transition from simple administrative means management to legal system management and administrative management should be realized as soon as possible so that it can be managed according to law. 1. Strengthen agricultural machinery maintenance and technical supervision work, change the emphasis on the increase in the number of maintenance network points to focus on improving its quality. The first is strict inspection of outlets. In addition to the technical validation of newly opened maintenance points, it is necessary to conscientiously carry out annual technical inspections of existing maintenance points and promote the improvement of their technical quality. For the unqualified annual review, the downgrading must be downgraded, and the suspension of rectification should lead to its suspension of rectification, and the collection of technical qualification certificates must be resolutely collected and never tolerated. The second is to do a good job in agricultural machinery repair technical training and management. The training and assessment of repairmen should be institutionalized and standardized so that the teaching materials, test questions and answer standards, examination time and other aspects are unified. Do not behave as they should, create conditions, and gradually record national unified audio-visual videotapes to improve teaching quality; It is necessary to set up a relatively fixed training base and implement a qualification certification system for its teaching conditions and the teachers who undertake the training tasks so as to ensure the quality of training. It is necessary to use a variety of media to promote the knowledge of maintenance and maintenance of agricultural machinery and to ensure the popularization of basic knowledge of agricultural machinery maintenance. For operators of important agricultural machinery, technical training should be organized before the operation to enable them to operate and maintain correctly. For those who hold certificates and work in different places, the registration system should be established at the competent department of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry in the place of employment. The competent department of agricultural machinery maintenance industry was included in the daily management. The third is to strengthen the supervision and management of agricultural machinery maintenance parts quality. Since the maintenance method has been changed to the replacement of repairs, the quality of the repair depends to a large extent on the quality of the repair parts. To strengthen the supervision and management of the quality of repair parts, the key is to block the “source†of counterfeit and shoddy products from production companies, implement quality certification systems for major spare parts, or test the system of quality assurance; the key is to cut off counterfeit and shoddy products from the companies. "Channels" are forbidden to sell on the counter and damage the interests of the purchaser. The specific measure is to carry out frequent sampling inspections of agricultural machinery and spare parts, and institutionalize and standardize them as soon as possible. The fourth is to do a good job in the construction of agricultural machinery maintenance quality supervision team. The administrative departments of farm machinery maintenance industries at all levels, which do not include grass-roots agricultural stations, select managers with relatively good quality in all fields. Through training assessment, qualified persons are hired as maintenance quality supervisors, responsible for the daily supervision of maintenance quality in their area. management. 1. Strengthen the consulting and service functions of the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry, and improve the linkage between managers and managers. Maintenance points and maintenance workers need to consult and provide services in their business activities. The maintenance industry management department should strengthen the work in this area. The main aspects of consultation and service include relevant policies and regulations, difficult troubleshooting techniques, use of new technologies and new processes, improvement of the internal management of repair points and exchange of technical experience between the organization and repair points, etc.; and the establishment of major agricultural machinery repairs. The unified industry technical standards and maintenance settlement quotas in the country enable the maintenance network to implement uniform technical standards in the maintenance and operation activities. The authoritative settlement basis for the required man-hours, materials, and mechanical costs for repair projects can be referred to. In short, in order to adapt to the development of the socialist market economy, the focus of the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry should be adjusted and shifted accordingly, so as to better promote the healthy development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry and better serve the rural economy.
The following are some antibacterial ingredients and their classification and main applications:
1. Silver ion: has a broad spectrum antibacterial effect, often used in antibacterial textiles, medical equipment and so on.
2. Quaternary ammonium salt: can kill a variety of bacteria, commonly found in disinfectants, antibacterial fabrics, etc.
3. Chitosan: has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria, and has applications in antibacterial dressings, food preservation, etc.
4. Plant extracts, such as berberine (berberine), allicin, etc., have certain applications in antibacterial products.
5. Triclosan: Widely used in personal care products.
6. Nanometer zinc oxide: has antibacterial properties, can be used in antibacterial materials.
7. Propolis: has a certain antibacterial effect and is used in some products.
8. Lysozyme: can break down the bacterial cell wall, play an antibacterial effect.
9. Tea tree oil: has an inhibitory effect on a variety of bacteria
The main effects of these antibacterial ingredients include:
1. Inhibit or kill bacteria: Reduce the number of bacteria to prevent bacterial infection and spread.
2. Maintain hygiene: Keep the environment and items clean to reduce the risk of bacterial growth.
3. Protect human health: reduce the damage of bacteria to the human body and prevent disease.
Antibacterial Ingredient,Salicin Extract,White Willow Bark Extract,White Willow Bark Extract Salicin
Shaanxi Changsheng Industrial Co., Ltd. , https://www.sxcsmalehealth.com