Over 80% of rice grain vegetative accumulation comes from the accumulation of photosynthetic products from the tri-leaf rice plant directly transported into the grain. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the group structure with high light efficiency, especially a reasonable canopy structure, is established in the later period to increase the maximum effective total leaf area of ​​the inverted trifoliate and to extend its photosynthesis time and efficiency. In the late stage of rice, due to the longer distance from leaf to root, it often leads to the lack of oxygen in the root; due to poor soil conditions, the amount of Organic Fertilizer is less, and the late nitrogen nutrition can not keep up, and the yellow fall is rapid, which may cause the root growth to slow down; Late rice plants are shaded. Diseases and insect pests are prone to rapid spread, resulting in rice plants suffering from pests and diseases caused by the reduction of green leaf area and decreased photosynthetic function of the leaves, and many other factors, resulting in premature aging of rice. According to the characteristics of late growth and development of rice, combined with natural weather conditions and the actual conditions of rice production, comprehensive prevention and control measures are taken to address the causes of premature aging, in order to coordinate the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in rice plants and promote the synthesis of organic matter in rice. , accumulation and transportation, to increase grain weight, increase rice yield and rice quality. Scientific irrigation and prevention of premature failure and rooting are the key to protecting the leaves. The cultivation of roots requires sufficient oxygen in the soil, water and gas coordination, and gas rooting in order to maintain a strong root system vitality. Therefore, in the late growth period of rice, avoid long-term full irrigation, in order to avoid rice root oxygen deficiency, affecting root activity. Wet irrigation should be implemented, water cut off should be postponed, and the method of “intermittent irrigation and alternating wet and dry†should be adopted to improve the environmental conditions for the supply of oxygen in the rhizosphere of late rice, enhance root activity, and extend the leaf functional period. In case of continuous high-temperature weather, the “day-irrigation night-row†method should be used to reduce the temperature and prevent premature senescence, so as to achieve the purpose of rooting the leaves. Due to lack of supplementation and lack of guarantee balance due to the weakening of the absorption ability of rice in the later period, extra-root fertilizer is an extremely effective supplementary measure, and the nutritional deficiency of rice can be quickly alleviated by applying fertilizers from the roots. The foliar dressing requires that it should be sprayed several times every 5 to 7 days during the period from the end of booting to the full ear. For rice lacking trace elements, it is sufficient to spray it once. Rice fields with normal growth are generally used for every 667 square meters (1 mu) with 1 leaf or 100 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 50-60 kg of fine water sprayed several times to increase the resistance to rice disease. The use of a lack of cultivation measures to supplement what can significantly improve the overall supply of rice root nutrition, enhance the resistance of rice strains, is conducive to late root growth and development, thereby promoting pollen germination, improve seed setting rate, to better meet the grain filling Solid need to form big spikes. For fields with heavy yellowing in later period and sandy loam with poor fertility, timely remedial measures should be taken to apply chemical fertilizers and extra-root fertilizers. The specific operation should be based on the degree of yellowing of rice plants. Generally, 2 to 5 kg of urea and 2 to 3 kg of potassium chloride are used per 667 m2 of paddy fields, and 150 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used to spray fine 50 kilograms of water several times. Prevention and treatment of insect pests to relax rice sheath blight, rice leaf roller, rice planthoppers, etc. are the main diseases and pests of late rice. If measures are not taken to prevent them in time, due to the rapid development of these pests and diseases, it is very easy to cause great harm. The agro-technical extension department must promptly issue pest and disease monitoring reports according to the results of the “two surveys and two tests,†prompt farmers to adopt effective prevention and control measures, apply counter-pollution pesticides, and promptly use pesticides to improve control efficiency, ensure that there is a certain area of ​​green leaf in the later period, and increase the number of blades. Photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic efficiency promote rice grouting, increase seed setting rate and grain plumpness, and thus achieve superior grain gain and weight gain.
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