The malformation mushrooms are diverse in their manifestations. The common ones in production are: land mushroom, hollow mushroom, big ass mushroom, hard open umbrella and early open umbrella, red root, rust spots. Landmine mushrooms. The main reasons for the formation are overburdened earthen materials, harder soils, thicker overburdens, and less water in the surface layer of the overburden, and the temperature and humidity conditions of the lower part and the base material are suitable for the occurrence and growth of fruiting bodies. The lower layer of the layer differentiates to form a fruit body, and then the soil surface is drilled. Solution: Select high-quality humus, can be mixed in a certain proportion of mature cow dung or wheat bran, rice husk, etc.; in the soil, soil and processing, should be sieved so that most of the soil particles and maintain The size of wheat grains is quite, the largest ones can have about 1/2 of corn kernels, with some soil particles; the covering soil should not be too thick, generally about 3 cm, and pay attention to keep the corresponding uniform moisture content. Hollow mushroom. It is due to the lack of water in the cover soil, or the low water content of the base material, which results in the inability of the mushroom body to meet the need for maintaining normal growth of water. In addition to solving the problem of water content in the overburden layer, proper shelter wetness is an effective supplementary measure and can generally be adjusted within the range of 85% to 90%. It is unfavorable to go too high or too low. Big butt mushroom. The reason for this is that the temperature of the shed is suddenly increasing and dipping, the temperature difference is large, or it is attacked by cold or hot air, the growth of the stipe of stipe is not balanced; or the wet condition of the shed is too low, and the water content of the cover soil is suitable, etc. Ass mushroom. In addition, certain chemical drugs can also cause the occurrence of this type of abnormal mushroom. Hard open umbrella. The reason is that the temperature difference between day and night in the mushroom room is more than 10°C, or the hard open umbrella caused by the cold air attack. Mushroom density is too large, the temperature is too high, the humidity is too low, and the fruiting bodies grow quickly and the handle is thin and thin, etc., all will cause early parachute. The prevention method is to cover the drapery outside the room during the temperature fusion to keep the indoor temperature and humidity stable. Red root. Before the mushrooming stage, the water is too hot, the water content in the overburden layer is too large, the acidity of the culture material, the oversupply of sugar, excessive ventilation, etc. may form red roots. Care should be taken to maintain the moisture content of the cover soil between 22% and 25%, avoiding water spray at high temperatures. Top dressing should be appropriate and sugar should be appropriate. If red roots are found, lime water may be sprayed as appropriate. Rust spots. After the mushroom has sprayed water several times, it is required to open the doors and windows for 0.5-1 hours for ventilation to keep the indoor air fresh. Otherwise, the humidity in the mushroom room is too large, it will make the surface of the mushroom to stay small water droplets, a long time to form rust-colored spots.
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