Angelica sinensis is native to high-cold mountain areas. It is a low-temperature long-day plant. During its ontogeny, it needs to go through two developmental stages from vegetative growth to reproductive growth: the vernalization stage (requires a low temperature of 0°C to 5°C) and the light stage (requires Long day for more than 12 hours). Therefore, artificial cultivation requires the first year to grow seedlings (seeding), the second year to harvest the roots as medicine, and the third year to bolt the flowers and harvest the seeds. However, in production practice, a large number of bolting flowers are often used between June and July in the second year of cultivation. The bolting rate in normal years is 10% to 30%, and in severe cases, it reaches more than 60%. Plants with bolting and flowering, fleshy roots are gradually lignified and hollow, with high firewood properties, lack of oil and gas, and cannot be used for medicine. Therefore, the prevention and control of early bolting is an important technical measure to improve the yield and quality of angelica.
The key to controlling early bolting of angelica should be based on the reason of early bolting of angelica and take targeted measures to control it. A single measure to control the early bolting of angelica is often difficult to achieve good results, and a variety of measures must be used for comprehensive control.
1. Choose to keep good varieties. In order to improve the quality of seedlings and reduce the rate of early bolting, it is necessary to collect seeds in the current three-year harvesting field, and select seeds with moderate and uniform seed maturity as sowing materials.
2. Choose a nursery area. Choose a plot with short light days, cool and moist, loose and fertile soil as seedbed. Dry soil is conducive to early bolting and flowering, so pay attention to shading during the seedling period, or choose a shady slope.
3. Timely sowing, seedling storage, reasonable fertilization, control seedling age and seedling weight.
4. Lower the storage temperature of seedlings, such as lowering the storage temperature to below 0℃, the bolting rate will be low.
5. Chemical control. Use appropriate concentrations of paclobutrazol, chlormequat, bijou, cyanidin and other growth inhibitors alone or in combination, spray on the leaves of angelica to effectively control early bolting.
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