Cabbage is a favorite vegetable variety of men, women and children in China. The cabbage tastes sweet, can be fried, can be stewed, and can be processed and marinated. There are many areas where Chinese cabbage is grown, and the market prospects have always been relatively stable. Today, Hui Nongwang Xiaobian mainly introduces the cultivation conditions and cultivation methods of cabbage.
First, the planting conditions
Soil
The soil environment of cabbage cultivation requires fertile soil and looseness, and has strong ability to retain fertilizer and water, and good drainage.
2. Temperature
Chinese cabbage seeds can usually germinate at 8 to 10 degrees Celsius, and the suitable temperature for growing season is 10 to 22 degrees.
3. Lighting
Chinese cabbage production requires sufficient light, and in the case of insufficient light, it will directly affect the yield.
Second, cultivation methods
1. Land selection and land preparation
Chinese cabbage is easy to develop, so it is necessary to carry out crop rotations, especially promoting grain and vegetable rotation and water and drought rotation. Cultivation on perennial vegetable plots should avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables. You can choose to cultivate the early beans, early peppers, early cucumbers, early cucumbers and early tomatoes. The land of Chinese cabbage should be deeply ploughed for 20-15 centimeters for 10-15 days, and then the land is broken and leveled to make a 1.3-1.7 m wide raft, or a 0.8 metre narrow sorghum or sorghum. When doing sputum, it is necessary to deepen the sulcus and the gutter, and the ditch is more than 27 cm, so that the ditch and the ditch can communicate.
2. Re-application of base fertilizer
Mainly based on organic fertilizer: in the middle and late July, after the harvest, the soil will be turned deep and the ground will be planted with 100-150 kg of lime per acre. In the plot where the clubroot disease occurs, an appropriate amount of lime must be applied to the seeding ditch. Re-application of base fertilizer is required, and NPK is well matched. In the first ten days of July, 40 pigs per mu, 40-50 garbage, 75 kilograms of vegetable waste, 40-50 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate mixed and 30-40 manure excrement, and wet with appropriate amount of water Stacked and fermented, and covered with a plastic film to make it fully decomposed. Ditching when doing sputum. At the same time, 10-15 kg of 45% compound fertilizer is applied per mu.
3. Cultivation season
Early-maturing varieties are usually sown in August and mid-August, and are also planted early in late July. Medium-ripe varieties can be sown from late August to early September. Late-maturing varieties should be sown in late August.
4. Seeding
Chinese cabbage is usually used for live broadcast, and can also be transplanted. The live broadcast is mainly based on the broadcast, supplemented by on-demand. When the time before the squatting is still empty, in order not to affect the cultivation season, seedling transplanting can also be used. Regardless of the method used, the soil must be neat and flat. Live broadcast of about 200 grams per mu. Seedling transplanters, each planting 1 mu of field, about 5-6 cents of seedbeds, using the method of spreading, using 75-100 grams of seed. After the live broadcast, 40-50 tons of manure and manure are used per acre, and the ground cover is combined. After that, water each time in the morning and evening, keep the indigenous soil moist, and emerge in 3-4 days. The row spacing of Chinese cabbage should be determined according to the variety. Generally, the early-maturing variety is 33-50×33 cm, 2100-2300 per acre, and the late-maturing variety is 67*50 cm. The number of seedlings per mu is less than 2000, and the best choice for seedling transplanting is cloudy or sunny. In order to improve the survival rate, it is best to transplant the seedlings with soil and plant the root water after planting.
5. Miao Miao
When 2-3 leaves are true, the first seedling is carried out, the second seedling is 5-6 leaves, and the seedlings can be fixed in 7-8 leaves. Different row spacings were selected according to different varieties, and one strong seedling was left in each hole. Weeding can be combined with seedlings.
6. Top dressing
After the Chinese cabbage is planted, it can start topdressing. Every 15 to 4 days, chasing 15% of the manure of manure, 4-5 ounces per acre. Look at the weather and soil wet and dry conditions, the application of human excrement to water, cabbage should enter the rosette period should increase the concentration of fertilizer, usually every 5-7 days, chasing 30% of the manure of manure, 15-acre per acre 20 dan, vegetable or withered 75-100 kg. After starting the package, re-application of top dressing and increased application of potassium fertilizer are necessary measures to increase production. 50% of the decomposed manure can be applied per acre 30-40 ounces, and 100 kg of grass ash or 10-15 kg of potassium sulphate can be applied. This time, the fertilizing vegetable farmer is called "filling the heart fat." After the vegetation plant is closed, it is generally no longer topdressing. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, urea can be applied as appropriate.
7. Cultivating soil
In order to facilitate topdressing, we must loosen the soil in the early stage and weed 2-3 times. In particular, after the long rain turns fine, it is necessary to cultivate the land in time to promote the growth of the root system. In the middle of the rosette, the glutinous rice cake is used as a hoe, and the height is 10-13 cm. The purpose of training is mainly to facilitate fertilization and watering and reduce disease. After the cultivation, the manure is poured into the ditch, and the leaf sign cannot be attached. The water is poured into the ditch and the damp is not wet. At the same time, the air circulation in the ditch is kept, so that the air humidity between the plants is reduced. In this way, the occurrence of soft rot can be reduced.
8. Irrigation
Chinese cabbage seedlings should be lightly poured and kept moist, and watering during the rosettes. See dry and wet, proper seedlings, high moisture requirements when the ball is formed, and can be used for furrowing when the soil is dry. The irrigation should be carried out after the temperature in the evening or at night is lowered. If you want to pour slowly, don't be full. After the water has penetrated into the soil, the remaining water should be discharged at an extreme time. Do not accumulate water in the ditch, no water in the face, no water shortage in the root system. In general, from the end of the rosette period to the middle of the ball, keeping the soil moist is one of the keys to the high yield of Chinese cabbage.
9. Bunch and cover
The cabbage ball of Chinese cabbage is an inevitable law of its growth and development, and does not require bunches of leaves. However, in case of late-maturing varieties, in order to promote good ball formation, delay the harvesting supply, lift the outer leaves after the snow, tie them with straw, and cover with a straw-type agricultural film to protect the heart leaves from freezing damage. It also has a softening effect. Early maturing varieties do not require leaf and cover.
The above is the whole content of cabbage cultivation. If you want to grow Chinese cabbage, these key points must be taken well, study hard, if you have better experience and willing to share, you can leave a message below!
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