1. Mouthwash arrangements. 1 Shallots are transplanted and planted from May to June, and harvested from July to August.
2 Onions are planted and transplanted from July to August, and harvested from September to October.
3 onions from September to October transplanted and colonized, harvested from November to next January.
4 Every year from April to April is the flowering period of chives. Generally, it will not be produced as a seedling nursery period.
2. Seedling preparation. Chives belong to the flowering sturdy varieties and are usually cultivated with ramets. Therefore, the cultivation of shallots is to plant seedlings (commercial onions harvested before harvest) in fertile soils and convenient irrigation and drainage fields. During the period, the management of water and fertilizer pests and diseases will be strengthened. Transplanting. In Liujiang County, Guangxi, every year from February to April is the flowering period of the scallions. At this time, cultivation and management are difficult, and the product quality is poor. Generally, no production is carried out, and only seedlings are planted. Seedlings are planted for the next season and are scallions. The main period of time.
3. Soil preparation and work. The sandy loam soil or loam soil should be planted with flat land formation, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep tillage layer, suitable structure, good physical and chemical properties, and away from industrial wastes and other contaminated land. After choosing well. To finely set up and apply base fertilizers, basal fertilizers must be fully cooked farmyard fertilizers, and increase the amount as much as possible, to extend fertilizer efficiency, ensure that the green onion grows, so that when the onion products are put on the market, the color is green, the commodity is good, and the product quality is improved. And selling price. Mushi fully cooked farmyard fertilizer 2000~3000 kg or 150~200 kg bio-organic fertilizer, plus 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 25 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer, and at the same time sprinkle lime powder 50~75 kg. Fertilizer should not be applied too deeply. Generally, it should be applied in a depth of 10 to 20 cm. After the basal fertilizer is applied, it should be finely grounded and thoroughly mixed with the soil. Then, it should be used for hoeing, which is 20 to 25 cm high and 120 to 120 cm wide. 150 cm, do a good job of "three ditch" matching, can irrigation energy row. After harvesting the onions, the onion was ploughed, basal fertilizers were applied, soil preparation was done, and the onions were planted in the next season. Chives are not suitable for continuous cropping for many years. Generally, 1 to 2 years of crop rotation will be carried out with soybeans, corn and other vegetable crops.
4. Transplantation and colonization. Chives are generally used first concentrated seedlings, and then cultivated by clusters. Before planting, the mother plant was excavated, long roots were cut off, and the plants were pulled apart by hand. The ramets that were pulled out should have stems and roots. The seedlings should be screened and graded, and diseased plants, disabled plants, weak plants, and scattered onions should be removed. Primary and secondary seedlings should be selected for colonization. Chives can be planted all year round. The planting density varies according to the time of planting. Under normal circumstances, the planting spacing is 15 to 20 centimeters, and the hole spacing is 8 to 10 centimeters. Each bush can be planted with 3 to 4 plants. Planting 8000~9000 bushes. The plant is planted at a depth of 50 cm, which increases the length of the sericulture and increases the yield and quality. Pour enough water after planting.
5. Field management. 1 moisture management. Chives are not well-developed roots, distribution is shallow, not drought tolerant and not tolerant, according to the lyrics, seedlings timely irrigation water, water management in the water must be poured, keep the soil moist. At the same time, pay attention to digging trenches to prevent roots and bulbs from rot causing dead seedlings. Due to the weak water absorption ability of the onion roots, it is necessary to adhere to small water ground irrigation during droughts to prevent drought and stains. Generally, it is sunny from May to October. At noon in summer, the temperature is high, and the temperature difference between soil and water is large. At this time, irrigation water is not only easy to burn, but also easy to induce a variety of diseases: water should not be sprayed at this time, so as not to cause physiological discomfort.
2 Reasonable fertilization. Since the root distribution of chives is shallow and the absorption capacity is weak, it is not resistant to concentrated fertilizer. Therefore, topdressing should be applied a small number of times and thin fertilizers should be applied. Onion plants should be followed by timely application of thin water manure or urea topdressing 5 kg of urea to promote fertilizer, generally every 12 to 15 days topdressing once, each application of urea 5 ~ 8 kg, potassium chloride 4 ~ 5 Kilograms, combined with fertilization and watering, keep the soil moist. During the harvest period, mu recovers 10~15 kg of urea, 8–10 kg of potassium chloride, or 20 kg of compound fertilizer as strong manure. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer must be increased 15-20 days before harvest, and 15 kg of normal urea is applied. At the same time during the growth of chives, combined with pest control, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spraying fertilizer and other leaf fertilizer, in order to promote the plants green, improve product quality.
3 Cultivated weeding. After the chives colonize and survive, they should be cultivated and weeded in time according to the soil moisture content and the growth of weeds to prevent the growth of soil compaction and weeds. In order to reduce the growth of weeds, after planting and transplanting the seedlings, 33% of herbicide-free (Penicillin) EC can be applied to 100 kg of water and 50 kg of water per mu. When using herbicides, pay attention to temperature and soil moisture. When the temperature is high or the soil moisture is high, the amount of the herbicide is small: when the temperature is low or when the soil is dry, the amount can be appropriately increased. Generally, the temperature exceeds 30° C., and it cannot be used, otherwise it is easy to produce phytotoxicity.
6. Pest control. The main pests and diseases chemical control: 1 early stage of downy mildew can be used 75% chlorothalonil WP 700 times, 72% Kelu (frosin urea manganese zinc) WP 600 times liquid and other agents for prevention and treatment. 2 In the early stage of the onset of gray mold, 50% carbendazim WP 500 times solution and 25% metalaxyl WP 1000 times solution can be used for prevention and treatment. 3 In the initial stage of disease, purple spot, and leaf blight, 64% antivirus WP can be used. 75% chlorothalonil WP 700 times and other prevention. 4 Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Onion thrips, and Spodoptera litura can be treated with 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times, 4.5% Beta-cypermethrin EC 2000 times, or 48% Lactosol EC 800 times.
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