How to produce lettuce with high yield? The high-yield planting points of lettuce have variety selection, sowing date determination, cultivation and seedling cultivation, planting and management, and harvesting. When planting spring, summer, autumn and winter lettuce, in addition to different management measures according to different seasons, we should also understand the growth habits of four season lettuce. The key points of harvesting will be explained in detail in the following small series.
First, the variety selection
1, wintering, spring lettuce
Variety of cold resistance, strong adaptability, and late convulsions.
2, summer and autumn lettuce
Heat-resistant, precocious variety.
Second, the sowing date is determined
1, spring lettuce
Greenhouse seedling time: December to March; open field seedling planting time: February to March.
2, summer lettuce
Open cultivation time: April to May; sunshade coverage time: May to July; live or high density transplant.
3, autumn lettuce
Shading net shade coverage time: July-September; seedling transplanting.
4, winter lettuce
Open field nursery time: October to November.
Third, cultivate strong seedlings
l, soil preparation
a. Seedbed requirements: land with high topography and dryness and good drainage performance.
b. Pre-sowing treatment: 5-10kg of eutrophic planting liquid, 1.5-3 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer or 50kg of compound fertilizer should be applied to the base fertilizer per mu.
c. Pre-land preparation: Before the soil preparation, it should be deep-turned after being applied first, and then flattened and covered with plastic film for seeding.
2, seed treatment
Due to the high temperature in May-September, the seed germination is difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out low temperature germination before sowing. The seeds are placed in the nutrient water diluted 200-300 times of the beneficial source microbial nutrient solution for 6-7 hours, then wet gauze is used. package or minus 3 degrees to minus 5 monkeys that environment, for 24 hours, and then placed in a cool place, and so can germinate twenty-three days.
3, sowing
3.1 Spring lettuce
a. Spring lettuce in the greenhouse seedlings, first uncover the plastic film on the nursery, after pouring the bottom water, spray 3-5kg of Yifuyuan microbial nutrient solution per mu, then mix the seeds in a small amount of fine soil Soak evenly. Generally, the seeding rate of the seedbed of 10m2 is 25-30g. After sowing, it covers 0.3-0.5cm of fine soil and covers the film. In the evening, it is covered with a shading net. If it is open field, it is covered with a small shed.
b. Before the lettuce seedlings are unearthed, cover the cover early in the evening, without ventilation, increase the temperature of the seedbed. After the seedlings are unearthed, the sunshade net will be exposed early and properly ventilated to keep the daytime temperature within the range of 12-20 degrees. The temperature is in the range of 5-8 degrees. When the seedlings grow to 2-3 straight leaves, the seedlings are once, the seedling distance is 5cm, and the ventilation and refining are increased 5-6 days before transplanting.
3.2 Summer lettuce
a. The best weather for sowing summer lettuce is cloudy. When the rice is in the middle of April-May, the wet seed cover film is broadcast. After the lettuce is released, the film is removed. In May-October, the shade net is covered with a small arch shed or a flat shed. Lettuce emerged, or grow lettuce to 2 pieces of true leaf time, once in 4-5 pieces of true leaves, the seedling distance is 10cm, for the robust lettuce seedlings can be high according to the plant row distance of 10cm Density planting.
b. After each completion of the seedling, room seedling and transplanting seedlings, it is necessary to apply the decomposed and dilute manure water in combination with watering, and in the rainy weather, the ditch should be cleaned. 15 times before planting, 3-5kg of Yifuyuan microbial nutrient solution water is poured per acre. After the seedlings are transplanted or within 25 days after transplanting, the lettuce shoots can be harvested.
3.3 Qiuwo Bamboo Shoots
a. Before planting autumn lettuce, plant the seedbed with the diluted water of Yifuyuan microbial nutrient solution, and then pour a layer of 3-4% of the decomposed pig manure residue and cover the thin straw (covering the black shade net). Yes), sowing seeds or wet seeds. The double-layer floating surface is covered on the seedbed soil before emergence, and the silver-gray shade net is covered after the emergence of the seedling .
b. Watering fertilizer should be needed in the morning and evening to keep the seedbed in a humid state, and weeding seedlings are also needed.
Fourth, planting and management
1. Colonization
When the lettuce is planted, it is necessary to select a soil with good drainage performance, and apply 4000-5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu. In the ploughing of the land, make a 1.2-1.5m wide sorghum. Lettuce sprouting is to dilute the water from the beneficial source microbial nutrient solution into the seedbed.
2, spring lettuce
When the lettuce is 25-30 days old, it will be planted when the leaves are in the 5th leaf. After planting, the water will be planted. For the cultivation of the plastic film, a base fertilizer will be applied and the film will be covered. In the rainy season, the drainage should be done. For greenhouse cultivation and open field cultivation, it should be ploughed once or twice in fine weather, watered and fertilized at the right time to keep the surface moist.
3, autumn lettuce
When the lettuce age is 25, choose cloudy or afternoon planting. The distance between the planting plants is 25×35cm. Watering should be timely after planting, and the shading net should be covered with small arch shed or flat shed. Before and after the stem-sealing period of lettuce plants, 3000-4000 kg of decomposed human and animal manure is applied per mu, or 15 kg of urea is applied two or three times.
4, wintering lettuce
Overwintering lettuce shoots are planted in the daytime and covered with mulching film. The distance between planting plants is 30×40cm. After planting, the application of Yifuyuan microbial nutrient solution dilution water should be paid before wintering. It should not pay attention to refining seedlings and prevent excessive emergence of lettuce. excessive growth in the second year to the timely removal of weeds, shallow cultivator 1, utilizing mulch and greenhouse cultivation, will have enough base fertilizer, pay attention to ventilation management.
V. Harvesting
1. Tender plant harvesting: The stem can be harvested at any time before it is fully hypertrophied.
2, lettuce stem harvest: the highest level of lettuce at the top of the harvest when harvested.
3, autumn lettuce: you can delay the harvest, on the sunny day to go through the long points and flower buds, or the beginning of the rosette period, spray 350-500 dwarf two or three times every 5-7 days.
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