Daylily is also called day lily and forget-seeking grass. Its flower buds and flowers can be used for eating. The soup tastes best and the therapeutic effect is the best. Daylily has the functions of anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and digestion, and has good effects on bloody stools, urinary incontinence and insomnia. The high-yield cultivation techniques of daylily are now shared as follows:
First, seedling breeding
The propagation method of daylily can be divided into two types: ramets (asexual) reproduction and seed reproduction. At present, mainly ramets (asexual) reproduction.
1, ramets propagation: the perennial propagation of the perennial robust day lily roots. When the ramets are planted, the mother plants are dug away to remove the old roots, and the plexus is separated one by one. Minimize the root damage when digging seedlings and seedlings. When splitting the seedlings, each of the tillers in the mother plant is hand-opened by hand, and attention should be paid to identifying the mother plants of the pests and eliminating them. The seedlings prepared before planting were soaked with 50% thiophanate-methyl WP or 50% carbendazim WP 500 times for 10 minutes, and then planted. The ramets are divided into autumn and spring planting. Autumn planting is the harvest of the flower buds, and the autumn seedlings are planted before the planting. After the autumn planting, the roots can be rooted in the same year. Spring planting was planted before spring germination, and there was no yield in that year. All localities can arrange their own plants according to local conditions.
2, seed reproduction: in the flowering period, select high-quality plants, each flower moss leaves 5-6 thick flower buds flowering and fruiting, other flower buds are still generally picked. When the mature top of the capsule is slightly cracked, the threshing is dried and used. Sowing in the fall or spring of the next year. The seedbed is first applied to the base fertilizer, and a 130cm-wide seedbed is built. The seed is sparsely and evenly spread into the ditch according to the shallow ditch with a row spacing of 17-20cm and a depth of about 3cm. After the seeds are sowed, the soil is ground and covered with a layer of loose and decomposed farmyard manure or straw. That is to keep the bed soil moist and prevent the impact of heavy rain on the soil panel to prevent emergence. In order to promote the water swell of the seed and germination early, soak seeds with warm water for 1-2 days before sowing. Watering and weeding should be done before sowing. Seedlings can be planted in the fall. Seeds of 5 kg per seed of seedlings are required, and 50,000 to 60,000 seedlings are cultivated.
Second, the selection of good varieties
Malan Yellow Flower is still the first choice for the production of Qingyang Daylily. The variety is the largest in Qingyang, with high yield, excellent quality and sufficient seedling source.
Third, soil preparation and fertilization
Daylily is strong and adaptable, and it is not suitable for soil selection. It can grow for more than 10 years once planted. Therefore, it is necessary to plant fertile flat land or Sichuan and Taiwan. It is not advisable to choose plots with heavy weight, abandoned land and low fertility. Deeply turn the soil 30 cm before planting, and weed the weed roots and gravel. Draw a row spacing of 150cm, and excavate the planting trough 50 cm wide and 40 cm deep in the center line of the row, and apply the mixed high-quality farmyard manure, urea and superphosphate in the planting trough to the bottom of the trench. The excavated trench soil is then reduced. Apply 4,500 kg of high-quality farmyard manure, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of superphosphate.
Fourth, colonization film
1. Colonization: Spring planting before the spring germination (March 15-April 20), must be completed before April 20, otherwise it will affect the survival rate of daylily. Autumn planting takes place from late August to early October. Before arranging, the ridge is raised. When the ridge is ridged, the micro-shaped ridge is formed along the center line of the well-planted trough, and the ditch is above the well-planted trough. The micro-shaped ridge is 100 cm wide and the ridge height is high. 10cm, the ridge is in the middle of the 150 cm line. After the ridge is raised, the hole is planted at the bottom of the ditch at a distance of 40-45 cm. The depth of the hole is 30 cm and the mouth is 25 cm wide. 3 plants per hole are planted, equilateral triangles are planted, and 1000-1100 holes are planted in acre. - 3300 or more). After the seedlings are planted, the roots are buried in the soil for 10-13cm. After planting the seedlings, the planting ditch and the ridge surface are flattened and waiting for the film.
2. Film: The mulch film is a two-color long-life environment-friendly mulch with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.016 mm. The dosage per acre is about 10 kg. The two-color long-life mulch film has a black-outer silver color and a one-time coverage for 3-5 years, which has the effect of increasing yield, inhibiting weeds and avoiding mites. When mulching, starting from the side of the ground, the film is mulched along the rows where the seedlings are planted in advance, and the shovel is used to gently compact the soil on the ridge surface. Use the same method and so on until the whole field is covered. Pay attention to the flattening of the ridge surface without convex or concave when using the film, and compact the edge of the ground film with soil to prevent the wind from uncovering the film.
V. Field management
After planting the day lily, the weeds in the row are taken out in time to promote the robust growth of the plants. The mulch covered with planted daylily generally begins to be topdressed after 3 years. Before the early spring germination, the top dress is planted at 15 cm on both sides of the yellow flower with a top dressing fertilizer, 10 kg of urea per acre, and 15 kg of potassium sulfate 15 kg. In the flowering bud stage, the amount of fertilizer needed is large. In addition to the root and other top dressing, 3% calcium perphosphate leaching solution 65 kg plus 400 g of urea and 150 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per acre are used to spray the plants in the evening. In addition, in the flower bud stage, 0.0016% of the bryophyte water 600 times solution and 99% borax 100 times solution are sprayed per acre, which not only has large flower buds but also less buds. For plots with irrigation conditions, irrigation should be carried out 1-2 times during the flowering stage to increase yield.
Sixth, pest control
The diseases of day lily mainly include leaf blight, rust, and chalk disease. Insect pests mainly include aphids and underground pests. In the early stage of the onset of leaf blight, foliar spray control is carried out with 50% Pythium WP 10,000 times solution, and sprayed once every 5 days for 3 times; in autumn, rust occurs in the early stage of the disease. % triazolone wettable powder 800 times liquid spray control, spray 3 times every 5 days for continuous control 3 times; when white rickets occur, sprinkle yin and ash on the base of the diseased plant and surrounding ground (2 parts of ash, 1 part of lime) Or use 25% triazolone wettable powder 800 times liquid to control roots; when the aphids occur, use the yellow plate to trap the winged cockroaches, and use 3% acetamiprid emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times solution or 20% imidacloprid WP 2500 for chemical control. Double liquid alternate spray control; underground pests (mainly cockroaches) occur with 98% trichlorfon powder 20 grams water 100 kg irrigation root control.
Seven, timely harvest
The daylily of Qingcheng County is generally harvested from mid-July. The flower buds are fully enlarged and yellow-green 2 hours before flowering. The longitudinal sulcus on the flower buds is harvested in time, generally from 7:00 am to 11:00 am. At this time, the flower buds collected are long, the yield is high, and the commodity value is good. The abstract is done with care and light, and the light is sold quickly.
Eight, clean the countryside
After the harvest of the daylily, the leaves are still very vigorous, and generally do not cut the leaves to promote seedlings. At the beginning of early November, the dried flower moss was pulled out, the leaves of the yellow leaves were removed, and the leaves were transported out of the field to be deeply buried and burned to reduce the source of the disease.
The above is the cultivation technology of day lily, the content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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