Release date: 2018-03-06
"There is crosstalk between the nervous system and the immune system, and this crosstalk plays an important role in regulating acute and chronic inflammation," said David Jill Roberts, director of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Institute, and professor of immunology at Weill Cornell Medical College. Dr. Artis said, “The two organ systems work closely together and play an important role in human health and disease.â€
Dr. Artis and colleagues studied the communication between the nervous system and the immune system during the inflammatory response, which is caused by infection with allergens or helminths parasites.
Exposure to these processes can cause group II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to release an inflammatory molecule called a cytokine, which promotes increased mucus secretion and muscle contraction, ultimately eliminating parasites or allergens. in vivo.
To the best of our knowledge, excessive or prolonged inflammation can be harmful, so Dr. Artis and his team want to understand how the body is alleviating this response.
The mouse intestinal color enhancement image shows ILC2-dependent mucus production (purple). Image source: Dr. Saya Moriyama
The surface of ILC2s has a beta 2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) that binds to the neuronal hormone norepinephrine (Norepinephrine). These receptors enable nerve cells to interact and affect the immune response.
To determine the role of β2AR in the communication between the two systems, Dr. Artis and his colleagues used mice lacking receptors and then infected them with parasites. It was found that the immune response of these rodents to infection was too "exaggerated" and the parasites were expelled faster. In contrast, when they treated normal mice with a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist, the mice had a slow immune response and the parasite infection worsened.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aan4829
Saya Moriyama, the first author of the paper and a postdoctoral fellow at Artis Labs, said: "We found that these beta-adrenergic receptors control the proliferation of ILC2 cells, which may help prevent excessive inflammation.
If these results are confirmed in humans, it may be very important for patients with asthma, allergies and other types of inflammatory diseases.
The most commonly used drugs for the treatment of asthma are also beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonists, which may explain why they are so effective in controlling allergy symptoms. "We have to give tens of millions of doses of drugs to shut down the acute symptoms of asthma," Dr. Artis said. "No one can agree on how these drugs work, but it may be because their goal is to target the innate immune system."
“If we further understand how these drugs work,†he added, ““it may provide us with new therapeutic pathways around biology. â€
Reference material
Nervous system puts the brakes on inflammation
Source: Bio-Exploration
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