First, the election site preparation
1. Choose an area. Planted land is generally selected as barren land or bare woodland at an elevation of 100-800 meters. According to the growth habits of Uncaria, it is better to choose the shady slopes in semi-yin and semi-yang, deep soil, fertile, loose, well-drained and non-polluting slightly acidic sandy loam. It can also be planted with forest trees with thin density and small crowns, such as young and middle-aged pines or walnuts.
2. Site preparation. One month before planting, first set fire to the mountains, plow the earth once, and then dry or freeze, remove the impurities and finely divided clods. According to the spacing of 1.5 meters 2 meters or 2 meters 2 meters excavation planting points, the length, width, depth are 30 cm. About 222 or 167 holes per acre, apply 2 kg of soil fertilizer or decomposed farmyard fertilizer to each hole, 0.15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, mix and mix the topsoil and fertilizer into the hole, and then cover the soil slightly higher than the original ground. The whole turtle shape.
Second, planting
The planting time is 3-5 months or 10-12 months each year. Choose cloudy days or after rain. When the seedlings are 50-100 cm tall, they can be planted. Before planting, the roots of the seedlings that were too long were pruned and cut and dried at a height of 40 cm. The root system of the nursery stock must be kept intact and free of mechanical damage. When planting, first dig a small hole in the middle of the original hole. The length, width and depth of the hole can be naturally stretched in the hole for the degree. When planting, one hole per hole is used to plant the seedlings. The roots are covered with ripe soil. When the filling depth is 1/2 of the depth, gently raise the seedlings upwards to stretch the root system, then fill the soil with a full hole, pour the soil, and pour the root water.
Third, post-plant management
1. Make up the seedlings. Immediately after transplanting, it was found that seedlings or dead seedlings should be planted in time.
2. Foster fertilizer. After planting and returning to green, 0.05 kg of urea was applied to each plant, and then combined and reared each year. In spring and autumn, a small amount of organic ecological fertilizer and 0.1 kg of ternary compound fertilizer were applied. During tending, remove the weeds from the plants and remove the earth with a steamed bun to cover the roots of the uncaria, so as to maintain the moisture. Divide the fertilization ditch next to the roots of the plants and put the fertilizer in the soil. The tending time is generally from May to June and from September to November.
3. Trim topping. In the first year, the vine was raised to 1.5 meters in time, so that the vine was more branched. After the third year of production, each year, the stem vines are cut to a length of 60 centimeters each year, prompting the clipper to grow more robust shoots to increase yield.
4. Pest control. Rare vines have few pests and diseases, and generally do not require the use of chemical agents for control. Major pests and diseases include root rot, aphids, cockroaches, and caterpillars.
1 rot. Mostly occurred in the seedling stage, after the victim's seedling roots cortex and lateral roots rotten, stems and leaves withered. Control methods: ditch drainage, to prevent stagnant water; found diseased plants in a timely manner to remove the destruction, disinfection of the diseased spots with lime, or 50% carbendazim 1500 times to fully sprinkle, to prevent the spread.
2 locusts. In April, when the young leaves emerged from the seedlings, the top of the plants was damaged by stems and leaves from July to August. It can be treated with 10% imidacloprid 3000 times.
3 heartworms. The larvae invade the stem and bite the tissue, shutting off the transport of water and nutrients, causing the top to droop. Control methods: found that the top of the plant has wilting phenomenon, it should be cut off in time, from the larvae to find out the larvae destroyed; found that the heart blackened or adult hair, 95% of the available 1000 times trichlorfon spray.
4 caterpillars. In June, the adult began to infest, and it was able to eat the leaves of new stems and affect the yield. When it occurs, it can be killed manually. In severe cases, it is sprayed with 50% dichlorvos 1000 times.
Fourth, harvesting and processing
It can be harvested 1-2 years after transplanting, and reached high yield in the third year. Harvest can be carried out every autumn and winter season. Harvesting and processing methods: cut the hooked stems, remove the leaves, and directly dry (can also be set in the pot a little steaming, or put a little hot in the boiling water, remove the dried), and then cut into 2-3 Centimeters of small pieces, stored in a dry and ventilated place. The quality of uncaria, with branches, joints at the hook, the skin purple or reddish brown, no diameter of 6 mm or more old branches and dead branches as qualified, with fine branches with hooks, purple, no light, no withered Branches, no insects, no mildew is better.
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