Low winter temperatures, low rainfall, and dry soil are clearly different from those in spring, summer and autumn. Therefore, it is necessary to use different fertilizers targeted for fertilization and adopt the correct fertilization method to ensure that the fertilization is economically effective.
Appropriate topdressing uses low temperature and low microbial activity, and it is necessary to top-up available fertilizers. Ammonium bicarbonate may be used as nitrogen fertilizer, and superphosphate may be used as much as possible. Potassium chloride may be used as potassium. Ammonium bicarbonate belongs to ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops after being applied to soil. Urea belongs to ammonium ammonium fertilizer and needs to be converted into ammonium nitrogen under the action of urease secreted by urea bacteria in the soil before it can be absorbed by the root system. Affect fertilizer effect is slow.
The boron deficiency of boron fertilizer applied to cruciferous crops not only seriously affected the reproductive growth, but also hindered the vegetative growth, reduced the ability to resist cold, and induced heart rot. Application method: One is to make basal fertilizer, and the best effect is to apply boron fertilizer to the soil in moderate or severe boron depletion. 0.5 ~ 0.75 kg of borax can be mixed with dry fine soil or organic fertilizer per acre, and can be applied after the ditch is applied or mixed with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers. The second is the treatment of seeds, soaking seeds should use borax or boric acid, usually first with 40 °C hot water will be dissolved in borax, add cold water to a concentration of 0.01% to 0.03% of borax or boric acid solution, the seeds into the solution, soaking 6 to 8 hours, species, liquid ratio of 1:1, remove and dry to plant. The third is the top dressing, with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.25% of borax or boric acid solution sprayed 40-80 kg per acre, every 6 to 7 days, and even spray 2 or 3 times.
The application of wax fertilizer before low temperature application of wax fertilizer can increase the ground temperature 2 °C ~ 3 °C, and can increase the content of potassium in the crop cells, thereby increasing the cell's water holding capacity, so that the cells are not easy to freeze at low temperatures, enhance cold resistance. Wheat should be applied in mid-to-late December, and strong seedlings should be used for strong seedlings, while weak seedlings and late-maturing wheat should be mixed with appropriate amount of phosphorus fertilizer in soil miscellaneous fertilizers. Fertilizer about 2500 kg. The application amount of perennial crops of wax fertilizer should account for about 50% of the annual fertilization amount, about 5,000 kilograms of soil manure per acre field, and about 2,500 kilograms of pig and cow pen manure.
Vegetables in greenhouses should be protected against nitrate accumulation in winter with low temperature and low light, and vegetables in greenhouses are more likely to accumulate nitrate. This is especially true of leafy vegetables and root vegetables. During the fertilization process, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be strictly controlled, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added. In particular, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate should not be used.
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