Release date: 2016-11-24
The picture in the upper right corner shows: tiny suspicious lesions in the liver 24 hours after the new imaging agent is injected; the upper left corner is the image before the injection of the reagent.
Source: PLOS One
The insertion of common chemical elements into fat particles will have the potential to promote cancer imaging. In a study of a tumor-bearing pet dog, the use of new CT imaging reagents makes it easier for pet doctors to determine the weight of the tumor and to detect liver tumor lesions that are often difficult to diagnose. This research finding may be applicable to the diagnosis of cancer in humans.
The new imaging material, "infusion iodine," which is 50 times smaller than red blood cells, has been tested in 13 CT scans of dogs suspected of having tumors to determine the agent's response to naturally occurring canine tumors. Imaging is similar to imaging in human medicine.
Amy Sato, an animal radiologist at Cummings School, and experts from the Children's Hospital of Texas and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, claim that the imaging agent can make suspicious lesions more visible in this canine imaging experiment. It appeared for a long time and was used to track the metastasis of cancer earlier.
In conventional human or animal imaging, conventional imaging agents typically contain the chemical element iodine or palladium, which enhances images of organs, blood vessels, and tissues by altering CT scanning patterns and other imaging tools that interact with the body. When swallowed or injected with an agent containing these elements, it can block or reduce the ability of X-rays to pass through the body, and allows doctors to better distinguish between normal and diseased tissue.
Sato also said that for animals or humans, cancer metastasis to the liver is a common form of metastasis. If the imaging agent is not visible during the scan, liver metastases that occur will not be detected, and current imaging agents are still difficult for clinicians to identify suspicious lesions.
Sato said: After three minutes you will gradually lose the imaging contrast under the CT scan, so if you are sure that you have seen the lesion and plan to have a cancer diagnosis, then you must give several multiple doses of imaging reagents to get enough clarity. The image is used to obtain the location where the biopsy needle can be injected.
Since traditional iodine imaging agents are encapsulated in liposomes, they are eliminated from the body by the liver and spleen. Therefore, such an agent can cause the cancerous site to protrude into the organ for 24 hours or longer.
After Sato and John Berg, a surgeon at the Cummings Animal Medicine Center, evaluated the effectiveness of the agent, Sato claims that the CT images of the liver and spleen change over time due to the absorption of this imaging agent by liver and spleen cells. brighter. Compared to the effect at the beginning of imaging, it appears that the agent does make the liver lesion image better after 24 hours, especially if the lesion is under 1 cm (about one fingernail width).
Sato said: This reagent may be equally safe for people or animals with kidney dysfunction. For current imaging agents, the kidneys can excrete slightly toxic iodine-containing solutions, and for most people and animals, there is no safety. But for elderly or cancer patients with kidney disease, this agent may cause further damage to their kidneys.
Dogs tested at Tufts University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison received a CT scan lasting 15 minutes and subsequent 24 hours before the injection of this "iodine bubble", after which the animals were subjected to needle or surgical biopsy to determine Suspicious lesions.
The study was published in the March 2016 non-profit magazine PLOS ONE. Lead author Ketan Ghaghada is an assistant professor at the Children's Radiology Center at Texas Children's Hospital and an imaging reagent research expert. Ketan Ghaghada said: The researchers in the report plan to conduct more studies to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of such imaging agents in different types of canine natural tumors.
According to Ketan Ghaghada, many spontaneous tumors similar to humans are visualized by pet dogs. By using the same imaging reagents, we can see the size of the human tumor and the growth pattern of the tumor. Therefore, this preclinical study in pet dogs has further advanced the marketization of new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor diseases.
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