High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Wheat

Technical overview: NPK combined application has a very significant effect on the improvement of spring wheat yield and quality improvement. To ensure the quality of wheat, optimize fertilization - formula fertilization, prominent nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, the principle of total fertilization is high quality and high yield, optimize the scientific formula of fertilization, use combination of basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer, and topdressing, top dressing with three-leaf fertilizer, heading and flowering fertilizer, grouting Fertilizer combination, appropriate increase in the ratio of nitrogen and potassium, and to take three elements combined with trace fertilizer, growth regulators combined method of application. Actively promote the technology of nitrogen fertilizer transfer, and pay attention to the important role of potassium fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer application in improving and improving the quality of wheat and improving the stress resistance of wheat.

Technical points: According to the nitrogen demand of high-quality strong gluten wheat, 60% of the total nitrogen absorption during the whole growth period is completed after the early stage of tillering. Maintaining this ratio to absorb nitrogen can significantly increase nitrogen in wheat protein. Conversion rate and increase wheat protein and wet gluten content. In actual production, the nitrogen applied to the soil by the seed fertilizer gradually decreases after the middle stage of wheat tillering, and it is difficult to meet the demand for nitrogen in the late growth stage of high-quality strong gluten wheat varieties, and often affects the expression of quality potential. The use of nitrogen back-shift technology can overcome this adverse effect to some extent. N fertilizer 3/5 as base fertilizer, 1/3 as seed fertilizer, 1/3 as top dressing. Topdressing takes three-leaf stage, heading and flowering period is two times, in addition, each top dressing can be combined with foliar fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other mixed application. The following methods are usually used to complete the nitrogen back movement:

13 leaf stage to tiller stage and wheat flowering stage: combined herbicide and herbicide prevention measures 0.25 kg pure nitrogen and 0.2 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2 The spray concentration should be suitable. The foliar dressing must be controlled with a good spray concentration. If the concentration is too high, it will be prone to damage and cause unnecessary losses. Take urea as an example: The suitable concentration of wheat is 1.5% to 2%. The specific amount of spraying should be determined according to the crop type and growth period, and it is generally better that the fertilizer solution will flow down from the leaf, but it does not flow down. The spraying should be uniform, detailed and thoughtful. The foliar dressing requires fine and uniform spraying, especially spraying the back of vigorously growing leaves and leaves. Because the new leaves absorb the nutrients faster than the old leaves, the back of the leaves absorbs faster. strong ability. In addition, when the fertilizer is mixed, it is necessary to pay attention to the concentration and alkalinity of the solution. Under normal circumstances, the pH of the solution is favorable to the leaf surface absorption at 6 to 7 hours.

In addition, it is necessary to do a good job in the precise application of potassium and sulfur fertilizers. Large and small Xingan Mountains along the Luan area, the soil is mostly dark brown soil. This type of soil is more fertile, and the content of soil organic matter and organic nitrogen is relatively high compared with other soil types; the content of available phosphorus and available potassium is relatively low; the sulfur is deficient. In the cultivation of strong gluten wheat in this area, it is necessary to ensure the input of phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur in order to obtain high quality and high yield.

1 Potassium application: The results of the experiment showed that potash fertilizer is of great importance to improve the quality of strong gluten wheat. The precise application of potash fertilizer can increase the content of wheat gluten and protein, increase the stress resistance of wheat, and increase the stem strength. Increase the ability to resist pests and diseases.

2 Sulfur fertilizer application: Sulfur fertilizer (sulfur) has obvious application effect in this area. The application of sulphur fertilizer will contribute to changes in the soil environment, reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, and contribute to the nitrogen fertilizer effect in fertilizers, increase the content of wheat protein and amino acids and improve the quality of gluten. Potassium sulphate was used as base fertilizer to supplement both potassium fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer.

3 Accurate application of potassium and sulphur fertilizer: The precise application amount of potassium and sulphur fertilizer in this area is: pure potassium (K2O) 3.5 kg, pure sulfur (sulfur) 1.5 kg or potassium sulfate 2 kg, used as a base fertilizer once. .

4 Fertilization Depth: At present, the deep application of chemical fertilizers is still an effective method to increase the yield and increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers. Requires deep application of basal fertilizer, encourages autumn fertilization, fertilization depth of 8 to 10 cm, and generally uses 48 rows of seeders or a new type of US machine operation.

Appropriate areas: wheat fields in Heilongjiang Province and Inner Mongolia East 4 League.

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