The Orchidaceae plant is a golden oyster oystercatcher, and is also known as the flat peony and the orchid. Perennial herb, 20-50 cm tall, with white aerial roots. Stem erect, tufted, yellow-green, slightly flat, grooved, articulate. Leaves alternate, sessile, narrowly elliptic, leaf sheath amplexicaul. The racemes are quite productive, with 2 to 3 flowers, white flowers, slightly lavender at the tip; pods oval, with 4 to 6 ribs; seeds are small. Flowering from May to June, fruiting period from July to August. Stem medicine, cold, sweet, with Yiwei Sheng Jin, Ziyin heat and other effects, can be used to treat less Yin loss, dry mouth, thirst, eat less retching embolism.
1. Selection of soil preparation sites should be selected semi-yin and semi-yang environment, air humidity above 80%, winter temperatures above 0 °C. The tree species should be yellow ash tree, pear tree, eucalyptus tree, etc., and should be thick, bark, watery, leafy, and thick trunk. Stone areas should also be in cool, moist areas where mosses should grow on the stones and there is a small amount of humus on the surface. When planting stone rakes, the land must first be trimmed. The basic requirement is: When planting stone rakes on large rocks, use a drill to drill nests with 30 cm and 40 cm spacing on the stone surface. 10 cm. Play a small water outlet on the lower side of the stone surface to prevent the water from causing the base to rot, and to protect the moss on other parts of the stone surface when playing the nest. When planting sarcophagus on small gravels, weeds and weeds are removed from the ground. Shade trees are set aside to remove too much dense and miscellaneous trees so as to increase the transparency.
2. Propagation methods Because the seeds of Dendrobium nodosum are extremely small, there are about 20,000 seeds in each pod, which are generally cultured in the tissue culture room. Actual small-scale production is commonly used in vegetative propagation. In the spring or in the autumn, select plants with good growth potential, no pests and diseases, well-developed roots, and many sprouts as the seedlings, and then uproot them to remove dead branches and breakage techniques. Too long fibrous roots, old roots retain about 3 centimeters, according to the number of stems into a number of several bushes, each bush must have 4 to 5 stems, can be used for species.
3. Method of planting Dendrobium planting should be planted in the spring (from March to April) and autumn (from August to September). It is better to plant in the spring than to plant in the fall. 1 Sticking methods. Select the stone joints under the damp forests and the humus at the stone tanks. Divide into the roots of the small bushes of the seedlings. Cover them with cow manure slurry and stuff them into the rock joints or slots. . If it is cultivated on gravel, the method is to lay the seedlings flat on the gravel, and then press the seedlings in the lower part with stones. The base and the top are exposed to the outside and the degree of wind does not move. Dendrobium can be planted around the stone surface. A small nest can be drilled. In advance, 30:1 phosphate fertilizer can be used in fresh cow dung. Add water to step in the mixture. Dilute the humidity to squeeze water in the fingers to leave no water. The seedlings are tightly pressed against the nests, and the cow dung is caught in the middle and lower parts of the stems of the seedlings of Dendrobium in one hand so that the seedlings are firmly attached to the stones. 2 stick tree planting method. Use a knife to cut a shallow crack in the flat and thick trunk or dendritic recess or every 30 to 50 centimeters, and strip some bark, and then fix the base with bamboo nails or ropes. At the cracks in the tree, smear the manure slurry (mixed with cow dung and mud) on the roots and around the ditch. In order to prevent wind blow and rain erosion, generally use bamboo nails or bamboo ropes and other ropes for 2 rounds in order to fix the roots and plants on the trunk or tree branches. When planting on a tree, it should be done from the top down.
4. Field Management Dendrobium species should be kept moist after the planting of the air conditions, to be properly watered, but prevent excessive watering, avoid water rot. There is no need to fertilize Dendrobium while the Dendrobium nobile is cultivated in the second year after planting, with 1 to 2 times per year. The first time is to promote budding fertilizer before and after the spring equinox until Ching Ming. The second time is to keep warm fertilizer before and after the beginning of winter. Use cake pancakes, bean dregs, cow dung, pig manure, fertilizer mud plus phosphate fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer to mix well, and then thinly paste a layer on the root. Due to the poor function of nutrient absorption in the root of Dendrobium nobile, in order to promote its growth, during the growth period, it is usually applied with 2% of superphosphate or 1% of potassium sulfate for extra-root fertilization every 1 to 2 months. Irrespective of the method of cultivation, the fertilizing water should be carried out in the early morning after the dew is dry. It is strictly forbidden to use it under high temperature in the hot sun, otherwise it will seriously affect the normal growth of the sarcophagus. After weeding, stone weeds are planted twice a year, the first time in mid-March to early April, and the second time in November. In the summer hot season, weeding should not be done so as not to affect the normal growth of Dendrobium. Before sprouting each year in the spring or harvesting sarcophagus, some old branches and dead branches should be cut off, and stems that grow too densely should be cut in order to promote the growth of new shoots. After 5 years of planting Dendrobium officinalis, the plants germinated many, the old roots died, the substrate rotted, the bacteria infested, and the plants grew poorly. Therefore, it was necessary to turn over the roots according to the growth conditions, remove the decaying old roots, carry out the ramets, and cultivate them separately to promote the plants. Growth and yield increase.
5. Diseases and Insect Pests Diseases commonly encountered in the growth and development of Dendrobium mainly include: 1 Black spot. The disease often occurs from March to May. The 1:1000 dilution of Bordeaux or more than 1000 times the spirit of prevention and control of its development. 2 coal pollution. From March to May, the main disease period of the disease. Use 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution or 40% dimethoate emulsion 1500 times to spray 1-2 times to control. 3 anthrax. From January to May, it was the main disease period of the disease. Spray with 50% carbendazim 1000-fold or 50% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold to prevent and control infection of the new strain by the disease. The main pests found so far are: 1 Dendrobium philippines. The pests are the hatching period in late May. It is better to use 40% Dimethoate EC 1000 times solution or 1-3 degree lime sulfur agent. Those who have become shield shells but have a small amount can take measures to cut off the old branches and leaves to burn or die. 2 snails. With bran mixed with trichlorfon, sprinkle poison baits in areas where pests are often active; spray trichlorfon, deltamethrin and other pesticides in the cultivation bed and the surrounding environment, and sprinkle lime.
6. Harvesting and initial processing The cultivation can be harvested in 2 to 3 years in all seasons, but it is better to harvest the plants without buds from the beginning of the winter to the clearing. When harvesting, use scissors or sickle to cut the old plant from the base of the stem, pay attention to old and leave tender, so that the remaining tender plants continue to grow, reach the goal of planting for one year and benefit for many years. The fresh sarcophagus can not be used to harvest leaves and fibrous roots directly for medicinal purposes. Or go to the fibrous roots and leaves, use wet sand for storage. The traditional processing method of dry stone sarcophagus is hot water and hot frying. 1 hot water law. Remove the leaves and fibrous roots of the fresh sarcophagus and soak it in water for several days. After the rot of the leaf sheath is rotted, use a brush to brush off the sheath plasma membrane on the stem or remove the plasma membrane with the oyster shell. After drying, bake the water, dry it with dry straw, and cover the bamboo mat to make it airtight. Baking firepower should not be too large, but also uniform, bake to 7 ~ 8 into dry, rub and knead again and dry, remove and spray a little boiling water, and then pile up in order, covered with a straw mat, so that the color becomes golden yellow Bake it again until it is ready. 2 hot fried method. Put the above freshly-prepared fresh stone oysters in a pan filled with hot sand, and press the stone crustal with hot sand, often turning it up and down, stir it up until it has a slight cracking sound. When the leaf sheath is cracked and tilted, remove it immediately. Put it on a wooden washboard repeatedly kneaded to remove the residual leaf sheath, wash the sediment with water, dried in the hot sun, after the night dew on the next day and then repeatedly knead, so repeated 2 or 3 times to make it color Golden, close texture and dry.
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