Cultivation Techniques of Hongdaohonghong High-Pile Onion
Onions, also known as onion, onions. Onion is rich in nutrients, containing more than the protein, sugar powder, minerals, vitamins and phosphorus, iron, sulfur and a variety of inorganic salts. High nutritional value, regular consumption can treat diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
Onion texture is fine, can be eaten raw, cooked, and high-productivity storage, long supply period, to solve the off-season supply of civilian vegetables, is of great significance, the market prospects are broad, farmers can choose to plant.
Features: After years of careful breeding. Plant height 60 cm; leaf thin tubular, green; bulbs tall piled round, purple skin, 7-9 cm high, 7-9 cm diameter, single ball weight 300-400 grams; maximum weight of about 1.5 kilograms, fleshy Sweet and delicious powder, thick flesh, beautiful flavor, strong growth potential, disease resistance, wide adaptability, per mu over 4000 kg, high yield up to 7000 kg. Storage-resistant, high commodity.
Cultivation points:
The Huang-Huai River Basin was sown in mid-September and planted in mid-November. It was planted with about 25,000 plantings of 1713 cm-mu seedlings and was harvested in June of the following year.
Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Northeast China and other spring sowing provinces, sown in April-May, harvested from August to October.
The production of red onion high piles of onion, the use of mulching film cultivation, can exceed 5000 kg per mu. The cultivation points are now described below.
Red-covered onion mulching film covering cultivation
First, autumn exposed nursery.
1. Make a spot on the ground. Before and after the white dew, the soil with loose and fertile soil and convenient irrigation was selected, and 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure was used for Mushi. After the deep plowing, the puppets were thin and smooth, making them 1.2 meters wide and 10 meters long.
2. Sow. Before sowing, they should be irrigated. After the seepage of the clear water, they should be sown uniformly. After sowing, they should be covered with 1 cm thick fine soil. Generally, 3-4 kilograms of seed is planted per mu, and seedlings produced can be planted in 10 mu of Daejeon.
3. Seedling management. Before the emergence of the soil, the soil in the soil was kept moist. Fertility caused the seedlings to be too weak to be topped with 5 kg of urea urea. Pay attention to seedlings when the group is too dense.
Second, planting
1. Land preparation. In combination with deep turning, apply 3,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 50 kg of potassium sulfate high-efficiency compound fertilizer, 100 kg of superphosphate, squeak fine and smooth, make 2.5 meters or 4.5 meters wide rake. After compacting with a small roller mill, the soil was sprayed with 33% herbicide-treated (Shi Tianbu) EC 100-150 g. After spraying, reduce walking in the field to prevent damage to the film. It is also possible to spray the water with 101-150 g of 48% trifluralin after the simmering, and then plan to spray the stalks to make the pharmacy and the soil thoroughly mixed and repress.
2. Cover film. Choose 2 meters or 4 meters wide high-pressure low-density polyethylene film, full coverage. When laying, be sure to tighten the flattening film to keep it close to the surface. For the fixed film, take the soil every 1.5 meters. When pressing the membrane, the crucible is rammed in the bottom of the membrane, and the removed soil is used to return the membrane to the inside of the depression. Two meters of soil pressure on both sides of the membrane, 4 meters in the middle of the film and pressure line.
3. Select seedlings and planting. The criteria for good seedlings are: When planting in mid-November, the seedling age is more than 70 days, the roots are well developed, 3-4 leaves, the pseudostem is 0.6 centimeters thick, and the seedling height is about 15 centimeters. The seedlings were sorted and transplanted. When transplanting, use a small narrow spade (1-2 cm wide) to open the hole in the mulch, dig the soil under the planting hole, the depth of about 3 to 4 cm, after the seedlings were planted into the soil and compacted. The planting density is 20 cm in row spacing, 15 cm in spacing, and about 22,000 per mu.
Third, field management
1. Water and fertilizer pipe buried. When the cold comes, pour frozen water. After returning to spring in late spring, the water is poured back to Qingshui in time, and 10 kg of urea is topdressed with water. Into the peak of the leaf, with 25 acres of urea topdressing water. Onion into the bulb expansion period, the need for water to increase the amount of fertilizer, generally every 10-15 days, pouring a water, each with 50 acres of urea topdressing water (this period requires roughly 3 times the water, applied 2 to 3 times the fertilizer) . Later gradually reduce the use of fertilizer. When topdressing, the fertilizer is directly dissolved in water by means of irrigation or the large-scale water is spreaded before entering the field, and then the water is added. When the bulb stops expanding, it is necessary to stop the fertilization and still have to diligently water the water. The average watering time is every 5-6 days, and the water is stopped one week before harvesting.
2. Prevent unripe convulsions. During growth, if unripe convulsions are found, the cockroach should be broken off from the base as soon as possible to reduce the loss.
3. Pest control. 1 Downy mildew: spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times or 64% antivirus WP 500 times at the beginning of the disease; 2 Onion thrips: use 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000 times or kill毙 ​​600 times spray control.
Fourth, the harvest from the end of May to late June, dig out the onion, cut off the upper bulb sheath, put the basket listed or stored.
[Shaanxi Agricultural Magazine Agency; Northwest Horticulture Designation Specialized Varieties]
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