First, the market prospects, commonly known as glutinous rice, barley, medicine corn, grass for annual or perennial herbaceous plants. It has heat, diuretic, dampness, pus, lungs, spleen and stomach, strong bones and muscles, relieve cramps, lower blood pressure and other effects. In recent years, it has been known that oyster esters and sterols contained in loquat seeds have a good killing effect on a variety of cancer cells. Therefore, as a tonic for both medicine and food, wolfberry has a wide range of uses, a large amount of market demand, and broad prospects for development.
Second, the significance of production After the harvest of wheat or rape, followed by a lazy direct machine to plant the glutinous and extensive planting pods, after years of large-area cultivation of the Institute of Chinese herbal medicines in Heze City, Shandong Province, this method can be effectively used after the harvest of wheat or rape harvester The orange straw naturally covers the surface of the soil and provides shade and moisturizing conditions for seedlings and seedlings sown to ensure seeding and seedling conservation; this saves arable land costs and labor, and reduces production costs; More time to operate the reality of farm work; this kind of lazy cultivation is also suitable for the cultivation and utilization of unused land in China's existing wetlands, barren hills, barren slopes, ridge lands, and lake beaches, and has good economic and social benefits.
Third, sowing technology
1. Sowing time: The spring and summer sowing can be done in spring and summer. The lazy summer sowing time is half-year crops such as wheat or rape. After the harvest, the land does not need to be tilled. The seeds can be sowed directly on the harvested wheat or rape. Between the lines.
2. Seed treatment: Select the “blanket red coat†medium maturing cultivars. Seeds were sown for two days before sowing and then immersed in water for 24 hours to remove the skinny seeds floating on the surface of the water, remove the submerged seeds and drain the water, and use 20% triadimefon as the seed amount by 0.4%. Pharmaceutical treatment can effectively prevent the occurrence of head smut.
3, sowing method: After the harvest of wheat or rape, with the sowing wheat planter, according to a row of wheat ridge sowing a row of lotus seedlings to adjust the sowing machine, so that the lotus seed sowing spacing between 45-50 cm; and then adjust the seeder, each put 5-6 cm sowing a loquat seed; seeding depth control in 2-3 cm; machine loquat seeding acres of seed with 3 kg, about 50 acres per day sowing. Artificial sowing, drilling or hole sowing can be, according to spacing 50 cm open shallow ditch, ditch depth 3 cm, ditch requires flat, the seeds are scattered into the ditch by the spacing of 5-6 cm evenly, then cover the soil leveling stepping, mu Seeds 2.5 kg.
Fourth, field management
1. Planting seedlings: When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, conduct the first thinning, removing the dense seedlings, weak seedlings, and keeping the spacing of 6-7 cm; when the seedlings grow to 5-6 true leaves, press Plant spacing is 13-16 cm.
2, weeding and weeding: weeding and weeding in general 2 times. The first time the height of the seedlings was 6-7 cm, which promoted more tillers; the second time the height of the seedlings was between 16-20 cm; later the combination of fertilization and cultivating tillage was performed. For large areas, weed herbicides can be used for field weeding during the seedling or mid-growth stages.
3, top-dressing soil: top dressing in two. The first time when the seedling height was 4-7 cm, 1,000 kg of diluted human excrement per acre was used to promote the growth of seedlings, more tillers and early delivery. The second time when the seedling height is about 35 centimeters or when the booting is carried out, 1,500 kilograms of manure is applied per mu, which promotes the prosperous growth of plants and is favorable for booting. If there is no excrement, topdressing can use urea or compound fertilizer 20-30 kg each time. When the seedlings are about 35 cm in height, combined with fertilization, they can prevent lodging and promote root growth.
4. Watering promotes growth: Water management is the key to high yield and stable production. Sorghum is similar to corn and sorghum. People are used to thinking that they are dry land crops, and they use dryland cultivation methods for their production, which results in low yield per mu. Through years of large-scale planting, it has been proved that it is not a dry-field crop but a swampy crop, a wet-growing plant. In order to obtain high and stable yields, we must jump out of the misunderstanding of dry land cultivation and adopt wet cultivation methods. For example, when planting in dry land, watering must be taken care of. When watering, the scientific method of “two wet and dry in the middle†can be used; that is, the soil in the early growth period needs to be moist to promote Miao Qi and Miao Zhuang; in the late part of the tillering stage, the water should be drained to control the moisture. Prevent ineffective delivery; heading should be ground irrigation, filling enough water (in this period, if the drought, heading number greatly reduced, increased the number of open tadpoles, yield decreased significantly); 10 days before harvest can not irrigation, easy to harvest.
5. Auxiliary Pollination: Natural pollination is generally based on wind, but the pollination rate is low, yield is unstable, and there are more empty seeds. In recent years, the author has adopted artificially-assisted pollination measures with good results. The specific method is to shake the plants with sticks or ropes at 9-11 am noon every day during the flowering period of the alfalfa plants to make the pollen fly, which has a significant effect on improving the rate of results. Conditional blowers can also be used to conduct artificial wind pollination with better results.
V. Harvesting and Processing Due to the strong branching of alfalfa, the maturation of fruits is inconsistent. When the lower leaves of the plants turn yellow, 80% of the fruits can be harvested when they have matured. Manual harvesting is conducted on sunny days. After harvesting, the plants are kept standing for a few days. The thresher is used for threshing. For large-area planting, a wheat or rice combine harvester can be used and harvested after adjustment. The harvested fruit is exposed to the clean drying field until it is completely dry. Then, empty shells and impurities are put in the ventilated place, and the fuller shell of the upper outlet is packaged separately from the leaner (white) part of the downwind position. Can be sold.
Second, the significance of production After the harvest of wheat or rape, followed by a lazy direct machine to plant the glutinous and extensive planting pods, after years of large-area cultivation of the Institute of Chinese herbal medicines in Heze City, Shandong Province, this method can be effectively used after the harvest of wheat or rape harvester The orange straw naturally covers the surface of the soil and provides shade and moisturizing conditions for seedlings and seedlings sown to ensure seeding and seedling conservation; this saves arable land costs and labor, and reduces production costs; More time to operate the reality of farm work; this kind of lazy cultivation is also suitable for the cultivation and utilization of unused land in China's existing wetlands, barren hills, barren slopes, ridge lands, and lake beaches, and has good economic and social benefits.
Third, sowing technology
1. Sowing time: The spring and summer sowing can be done in spring and summer. The lazy summer sowing time is half-year crops such as wheat or rape. After the harvest, the land does not need to be tilled. The seeds can be sowed directly on the harvested wheat or rape. Between the lines.
2. Seed treatment: Select the “blanket red coat†medium maturing cultivars. Seeds were sown for two days before sowing and then immersed in water for 24 hours to remove the skinny seeds floating on the surface of the water, remove the submerged seeds and drain the water, and use 20% triadimefon as the seed amount by 0.4%. Pharmaceutical treatment can effectively prevent the occurrence of head smut.
3, sowing method: After the harvest of wheat or rape, with the sowing wheat planter, according to a row of wheat ridge sowing a row of lotus seedlings to adjust the sowing machine, so that the lotus seed sowing spacing between 45-50 cm; and then adjust the seeder, each put 5-6 cm sowing a loquat seed; seeding depth control in 2-3 cm; machine loquat seeding acres of seed with 3 kg, about 50 acres per day sowing. Artificial sowing, drilling or hole sowing can be, according to spacing 50 cm open shallow ditch, ditch depth 3 cm, ditch requires flat, the seeds are scattered into the ditch by the spacing of 5-6 cm evenly, then cover the soil leveling stepping, mu Seeds 2.5 kg.
Fourth, field management
1. Planting seedlings: When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, conduct the first thinning, removing the dense seedlings, weak seedlings, and keeping the spacing of 6-7 cm; when the seedlings grow to 5-6 true leaves, press Plant spacing is 13-16 cm.
2, weeding and weeding: weeding and weeding in general 2 times. The first time the height of the seedlings was 6-7 cm, which promoted more tillers; the second time the height of the seedlings was between 16-20 cm; later the combination of fertilization and cultivating tillage was performed. For large areas, weed herbicides can be used for field weeding during the seedling or mid-growth stages.
3, top-dressing soil: top dressing in two. The first time when the seedling height was 4-7 cm, 1,000 kg of diluted human excrement per acre was used to promote the growth of seedlings, more tillers and early delivery. The second time when the seedling height is about 35 centimeters or when the booting is carried out, 1,500 kilograms of manure is applied per mu, which promotes the prosperous growth of plants and is favorable for booting. If there is no excrement, topdressing can use urea or compound fertilizer 20-30 kg each time. When the seedlings are about 35 cm in height, combined with fertilization, they can prevent lodging and promote root growth.
4. Watering promotes growth: Water management is the key to high yield and stable production. Sorghum is similar to corn and sorghum. People are used to thinking that they are dry land crops, and they use dryland cultivation methods for their production, which results in low yield per mu. Through years of large-scale planting, it has been proved that it is not a dry-field crop but a swampy crop, a wet-growing plant. In order to obtain high and stable yields, we must jump out of the misunderstanding of dry land cultivation and adopt wet cultivation methods. For example, when planting in dry land, watering must be taken care of. When watering, the scientific method of “two wet and dry in the middle†can be used; that is, the soil in the early growth period needs to be moist to promote Miao Qi and Miao Zhuang; in the late part of the tillering stage, the water should be drained to control the moisture. Prevent ineffective delivery; heading should be ground irrigation, filling enough water (in this period, if the drought, heading number greatly reduced, increased the number of open tadpoles, yield decreased significantly); 10 days before harvest can not irrigation, easy to harvest.
5. Auxiliary Pollination: Natural pollination is generally based on wind, but the pollination rate is low, yield is unstable, and there are more empty seeds. In recent years, the author has adopted artificially-assisted pollination measures with good results. The specific method is to shake the plants with sticks or ropes at 9-11 am noon every day during the flowering period of the alfalfa plants to make the pollen fly, which has a significant effect on improving the rate of results. Conditional blowers can also be used to conduct artificial wind pollination with better results.
V. Harvesting and Processing Due to the strong branching of alfalfa, the maturation of fruits is inconsistent. When the lower leaves of the plants turn yellow, 80% of the fruits can be harvested when they have matured. Manual harvesting is conducted on sunny days. After harvesting, the plants are kept standing for a few days. The thresher is used for threshing. For large-area planting, a wheat or rice combine harvester can be used and harvested after adjustment. The harvested fruit is exposed to the clean drying field until it is completely dry. Then, empty shells and impurities are put in the ventilated place, and the fuller shell of the upper outlet is packaged separately from the leaner (white) part of the downwind position. Can be sold.
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