Water is a component of all cells and tissues in the poultry body. Water is distributed in various organs, tissues and body fluids. Body fluids are bounded by cell membranes and are divided into intracellular and extracellular fluids. Normal intracellular fluids account for about two-thirds of body fluids and are mainly found in muscles and skin. Extracellular fluid mainly refers to plasma and interstitial fluid, accounting for about one-third of body fluids. Intracellular fluids, interstitial fluid and plasma exchange moisture continuously to maintain homeostasis. Interstitial fluid is the medium that exchanges nutrients in plasma and metabolites in cell fluids. First, the nutritional function of water Although water is not a source of energy, it has an extremely important role in poultry nutrition. (1) Water is an important solvent in the body. Various kinds of nutrients in the body, such as digestion, absorption, transportation, and excretion of metabolites, require water; water is a component of various digestive fluids and stimulates the stomach. The secretion of intestinal digestive juices promotes the digestion of feed. Water can dilute and dissolve digested substances to make them easier to absorb. At the same time, the nutrients absorbed are transported to various parts of the body. The waste generated during the metabolism of the body is dissolved in water before they can be excreted. (B) Water plays an important role in the regulation of body temperature of poultry. The heat capacity of water is large. It can absorb the heat of metabolic processes in the body. It is excreted through the skin and lungs through body fluid exchange and blood circulation and does not increase body temperature. In order to maintain the stability of body temperature. (3) Water is a participant in various biochemical reactions. Water turns nutrients into an ionic state. All the processes of decomposition and synthesis of the organism are mostly related to water. (D) Water has a lubricating effect Water has a lubricating effect, such as saliva can make food easy to swallow, lubricant can reduce friction between joints and other rotating parts. (5) Regulation of osmotic pressure in water by water The water plays an important role in protecting the normal morphology of cells. Lack of water or lack of long-term drinking water often causes damage to the health of the body. When the water in the body is reduced by 8%, severe thirst sensation occurs, loss of appetite, digestion is slowed down, and the resistance to infectious diseases is reduced due to the drying of the mucous membranes. In long-term water-deprived organisms, the blood becomes thicker, body temperature rises, fat and protein breakdown increase, nitrogen and sodium, potassium ion excretion increase, hens egg production rapidly declines, egg weight decreases, and eggshell thins. It is more difficult for poultry to get water than to feed it. When they are hungry, poultry can consume most of the fat and more than half of the body's proteins and survive, but if the body loses 10% of the water, it can lead to serious metabolic disorders. If you lose more than 20% of water in your body, you can cause death. The consequences of water shortage during the hot season are more severe than at low temperatures. Second, the source and discharge of water Under normal circumstances, there are three sources of water in poultry and three ways to go. (A) The source of water The body's water mainly comes from drinking water, feed and metabolic water. 1. Drinking water is an important source of water for poultry. It is necessary to provide sufficient drinking water, and attention must be paid to good water quality. Contaminated water must not be used. 2. The moisture in the feed is also one of the important sources of moisture in the poultry. Feed contains moisture, but due to different feed types, its moisture content varies between 10% and 15%. The water in the drinking water and the feed is exogenous water, which is absorbed into the blood through the intestinal mucosa and then transported to various organ tissues of the body. 3. Metabolic water is the endogenous water produced during the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body. Various organic substances can form different amounts of water when oxidized. Per 100 grams of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, the amount of water formed during oxidation is 60, 108, and 42 grams, respectively. When nutrients are synthesized in the body, they also produce a portion of metabolic water. When glucose forms glycogen, one molecule of water per molecule of glucose can be produced. C6H12O6-C6H10O5 H2O produces three molecules of water per molecule of fat. When an amino acid synthesizes a body protein, the number of parts forming metabolic water is one less than that of the amino acid. (b) The water discharged from the water in the poultry is mainly excreted through the kidneys, lungs and digestive tract. 1. The kidney is the main organ regulating the water balance in the body and excretes more water in the form of urine through the kidneys. The protein metabolites of poultry are mainly uric acid, which is discharged as a semi-solid, so the loss of water is small. It can be seen that the volume of body water discharged is very different due to the different types of livestock and poultry. 2. Poultry has no sweat glands. Evaporation of water is excreted in the lungs as water vapor. The amount of discharge depends on the speed and depth of breathing. Most of the air bubbles in the lungs are water vapor, and relatively fast and deep breathing at high temperatures increases the amount of water discharged. Evaporated water can account for 17% to 35% of the total discharge. 3. After the birds have eaten, the indigestible parts and the digested unabsorbed parts are excreted by the digestive tract, and part of the water is also discharged.
1. Introduction
This ADK wax is a very ideal neutral Paper Sizing Agent, it can be used as pulp sizing and surface sizing to make the paper have excellent water resistance. When using this ADK wax, it should be heated to melt, and then mixed with the starch emulsifying agent and protective agent, until the agent emulsify into stable latex
2. Specifications
|
Appearance |
pale yellow waxy solid & flake & block |
|
Purity |
≥90% |
|
Melting point |
48-50°C |
|
Acid value (mgKOH/g) |
2.0 mgKOH/g |
|
FFA free fatty acid |
≤2.0% |
|
Iodine value |
45- 48.5 giz/100g |
|
Carbon content |
C16: 40% C18: 60%
|
3. Alkyl Ketene Dimer Techinical Data
4. Application of Alkyl Ketene Dimer
As a kind of reactive neutral paper sizing agent, mainly used for copper base paper, copy paper, file paper, paper dictionary and quality writing paper paper in sizing. The pH value can reach about 8, which is called basic sizing, which is widely used at home and abroad. This product can also be used as surface sizing agent.
5. packaging
25KG/ bsg or 500kg/ bag
AKD Wax,Alkyl Ketene Dimer,90% Purity AKD Wax,Alkyl Ketene Dimers AKD Wax
Shandong Tiancheng Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.akdchemical.nl