Mushroom strains of mycelium white, thick, stretch, uniform, neat edges, fast growth; in the bottle wall was feather-like development, robust growth, will secrete soy sauce water beads. After the mycelium has covered the bottle, the amber transparent liquid is commonly seen within 10 to 15 days, and it has the unique aromatic odor of the mushrooms, which is odorless and musty. If the bottle's mycelial column separates from the bottle wall, it indicates that the culture material is too much water. If it is disengaged, the mycelial column begins to shrink, and the surface of the mycelium becomes thick and dark brown, indicating that the strain has begun to age. For long time, it should be used immediately. If mushroom buds appear on the surface of the mushroom column, it is one of the characteristics of good strains. The mushroom buds should be removed as soon as possible; if there are a large number of mushroom buds, the bacteria age is already greater and should not be used. If wood particles can be seen in the strainer bottle, the culture time is insufficient and the culture should be continued for a period of time. If the quality of the rice bran used is too poor (including too much chaff), resulting in poor mycelial growth, the medium should be replaced and production resumed. Mushroom strains are dense, robust, well-distributed, transparent, shiny and pale yellowish white. There are a large number of yellow-white or rust-red thick and heavy spore heaps, which are normal small straw mushroom species; if there are less thick spores, they are large-sized straw mushroom species. If the mycelium in the bottle is atrophied and withered, growth is weak, and the medium is dry or rot, it is an aging strain and cannot be used. If the hyphae are white, concentrated, or the ink-like agaric grows in the bottle, it cannot be used. The cultivar is usually not more than 20 days old. If larvae occur in strains, they should be eliminated. The black fungus mycelium is white and fine like wool and wool. The hair is short and tidy, thick and strong, and it extends in a straight line until it reaches the bottom of the bottle. It grows evenly and uniformly from top to bottom. It is dug out into pieces and is not loose. After the mycelium grows in the bottle, brown beads are generally secreted on the surface of the bacteria. Later on the surface and surface of the bottle appeared light yellow transparent colloidal ear buds. The strain column is closely attached to the wall of the bottle, and a small amount of white water droplets on the inner wall of the bottle is a fresh strain. If there is a slight yellowish water at the bottom of the bottle, the bacterial column will shrink from the wall and become an aging strain, so it cannot be used. The normal strains have a characteristic aromatic odor of black fungus. If there is odor and musty smell, or there are no signs of plaque and globular bacteria, it is bacterial contamination. If there are other red, green, yellow, black and other colors, It has been contaminated with bacteria and cannot be used. If there is a light black colloidal substance (ear base) between the medium and the bottle wall, this indicates that the strain is precocious or has too many expansion times. After cultivation, the ear piece is small, and the quantity is large, so it is difficult to grow and the quality is poor. Low, should be eliminated. If wooden particles can be seen in the bottle and there are few hyphae, it means that the culture time is too short and should continue to be cultivated. If there is no significant change after a period of culture, it means that the nutrient in the medium is insufficient and should be supplemented. If the strain grows to about half or a corner no longer grows, it may be too dry or too wet. If the mycelium grows neatly and densely, it appears sparsely and there is a clear demarcation, indicating that the upper material is moderate and the lower part is too dense. The surface and interior of seedlings and shoots should be covered with white cotton-like hyphae. If the hyphae are not seen after cutting, the seedlings and branches are too wet and the development time of the mycelium is too short. Tremella fuciformis is a feather-like hyphae, which grows robustly and is evenly distributed in the initial stage. It is white, and later appeared root-like distribution below the base of the ear. There are many dark circles on the surface, and there are no other stains, indicating that the gray ash fungi grow well. Tremella mycelia penetrated into the medium and was "deep" in material depth. There was a thick layer of white fungus mycelium below the base of the ear, and the color of the wood chips became lighter, indicating that mycelia had a strong decomposition ability. Both the white fungus mycelia and the incense ash mycelium have a moderate proportion and form white and large white hairballs on the surface of the culture medium. The white hairball grows vigorously and has a large auricular base, indicating that the bacteria is of a small age and strong vigor. It is suitable for wood section cultivation; if the white hairball is very small, many, or the fruit body appears in the bottle quickly, it means that the number of expansion times is excessive and the age of bacteria is too high. Large; if the white hair group easy gelatinization into small fungus, indicating that the strains are close to physiological maturity, are advised to substitute materials cultivation. If the Coleolobium is sparse and does not penetrate into the culture medium, the fruiting bodies are micelle-like or gel-like and do not open, indicating that the medium is too wet or too heavy. If there are feather-shaped cinerea bacteria and no white hair groups, they must be used as conidia in Tremella yeast, otherwise they cannot be used. If the hyphae in the upper half of the bottle are sparse or disappear, the mycelium in the lower half of the bottle grows normally, and the auricular base turns reddish, resulting in a large amount of reddish-brown liquid. If a white flocculent membrane is found, it is contaminated with bacteria and cannot be used. The mycelium of the mushroom mushroom species is grayish white, dense, fluffy and velvety. It grows uniformly inside and outside the plant, resists high temperatures, resists diseases and insects, eats fast, and has no fan variation. The mycelia of the indica-type strain were distributed in a fine velvet and there was no yellow-white bacteria. The hyphae in the culture medium were thick cords or thin lines and pale yellow. Mycelium shrinks and grows dry, or there is a thick yellow-white fungus on the top, all of which are aging bacteria. The strains that appear green, yellow, black or orange and other contaminated spores must be eliminated and burned. The hyphae in the upper part of the culture medium were dried and shrunken and the growth of the lower mycelium was good, indicating that the medium was too dry and the culture temperature was too high. If the hyphae are barely visible in the culture medium, the contents will become a paste, indicating that the temperature is too high and the strains are too old to be used. The Hericium species of the Hericium erinaceus is fine, white, dense and stout, with uniform growth from top to bottom inside and outside. It is easy to form fruit bodies on the culture material. If the mycelium shrinks or yellow mucus accumulates at the bottom of the bottle, it is an aging strain and cannot be used. The mycelium grows slowly and weakly and is slender. It may be that the acidity of the culture material is not enough or the organic nitrogen is insufficient. The amount of bran or fine rice bran should be increased in the culture material to improve the nutrient conditions of the strain. Bacteria contaminated with bacteria cannot be used. Pleurotus ostreatus excellent species of Pleurotus ostreatus, mycelium white, thick, dense, mycelial growth evenly, neat, coarse wool-like, climbing wall. After about half a month of cultivation, small coral-like buds or white primordia can be formed in the bottle wall. Most species form villous aerial hyphae on the top surface of the culture medium, and the airborne mycelia of the low-temperature variety often secrete tan pigments, especially in the hot season, low-temperature varieties often appear as reddish-brown or yellow-brown aerial mycelium or yellow water. This is normal. If a large number of coral-like fruit bodies appear above the culture medium or grow fruit bodies from the gaps in the caps, the bacteria age is too large and should be used as soon as possible. If the medium shrinks and yellow water collects at the bottom of the bottle, it cannot be used as an aging strain. The upper mycelium is sparse, dark, weak, dry, and the lower hyphae are normal, indicating that the initial incubation temperature is too high, the ventilation is poor, or there is bacterial contamination. If yellow, green, or orange are present, it indicates that it has been contaminated with Penicillium, Trichoderma, and Neurospora, and must be eliminated. The mycelium grew about half in the bottle and no longer grew downwards, indicating that the medium was too dry, too wet, too tight, and normal bacteria could be used, and no further culture was continued. Flammulina mycelium strains are flocculous, white, dense, robust, and elastic. Powdered spores are sometimes seen on the surface and are excellent strains. If tough pellicles appear, they can be used as long as the pellicles are removed. If the strains are dried up, the mushroom column shrinks or the mycelium melts, resulting in a large amount of reddish-brown liquid, indicating that the bacteria species have a weak life ability; if there is a yellow color, the bacteria species are aging. Author: Lincheng County Agricultural Institute, Hebei Province
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