Also known as horseshoe, Tianzhi, etc., it belongs to the genus Cyperaceae, which is a plexus of aquatic herbs. It has a long history of planting in Ganzhou City and is one of the major foreign exchange-earning agricultural products. In recent years, Zhuozhou City has vigorously promoted the cultivation mode of rice-grass-vegetable crop rotation, which has achieved high economic benefits. Its underground stem is spherical, reddish-brown skin, meat white, crisp and sweet taste, refreshing juice, can be fresh, can also process fruit juice, favored by consumers. Generally, the output per hectare is 4.5 tons, and the highest is 6.75 tons. The value-in-earning value reaches more than 30,000 yuan, and the net income per hectare reaches more than 20,000 yuan. It is a project that has great prospects for foreign exchange earnings. The main points of its high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques are as follows: 1. Selection of improved varieties, timely sowing, and reasonable close planting At present, the fine varieties of alfalfa that have been promoted in Ganzhou City mainly include “Guilin Horseshoe†and “Minghou Houwei Pearâ€, which belong to the early-maturing variety and have a plant height of 90 -105cm, single bulb quality 18--20g, reddish-brown, crisp quality, sweet juice, suitable for processing and storage. The buds should be selected for their robust, uniform, and disease-free, non-flocculent bulbs. Before growing seedlings, the bulbous stems were soaked in water for 24 hours. In the late June to early July, the nursery beds that are easy to moisten and shade were selected as seedbeds. Firstly, the seedbeds shall be loosened, the soil blocks broken and leveled, and then seeded. The grain spacing shall be 1cm. A layer of semi-wet light loam or rotten farmyard mantle shall be placed on it, and the thickness shall be suitable to cover the earthworms. If the fertilizer is dry, it is necessary to strengthen the water management and ground water to make the soil wet. When germination 15-20d, budding 8-10cm, when the root grows from the bud head, should promptly move into the rear rice seedling nursery, spacing 12cmx12cm. During the nursery period, apply 1 - 2 times 30% thin urine water and spray 1000 times with carbendazim for 1 - 2 times to prevent stem blight. At the end of July-early August, when the seedlings reach a height of 25cm or more and the seedling age is 16-18 days, the seedlings can be uprooted and transplanted to Honda. For sprouted bulbs, seedlings can be planted in the field, and the water in the early stage can be moistened and shaded under conditional conditions. Second, field cultivation techniques Early crop sowing in the early summer to the end of July, transplanting the field, the end of September agglomeration, thereby extending the bulb expansion period, can increase the proportion of large grains. The transplanting seedlings require a height of 20-25 cm, the main clumps have 10--15 leafy stalks, with soil from the seedlings, with medicine Xia Tian, ​​fine pull light and put, to prevent breakage straw root. 2. Choosing the field cricket itself is not strict with the soil requirements, but the towns and townships in the plains should choose: a row of convenient irrigation, fertile soil of Wudi, Wudaitian or ash fields, will help to win high yield and create high quality; Planting, to facilitate unified management; and to scribbling rotation, to prevent continuous cropping, generally should implement the 2--3a rotation to reduce the disease. 3. Moderate depth of planting seedlings to 12--15cm depth is appropriate, in principle, requires the bulb from the plough bottom to maintain 3- 5cm. Close planting specifications General plant spacing is transplanted by 50cmx50cm, and 2500--2600 bushes are planted per 667m2. 4. Balanced fertilization and fertilization should master the principles of "pre-stable control and post-attack". (1) Fertilizer in the growth stage of buds can stabilize long and strong stalks. Firstly, the base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and 667 square meters of soil-fertilizer is 2000--3000kg. For Fertile Field, it is possible to apply ammonium bicarbonate 75kg and add superphosphoric acid 667 square meters deep before 2-4 days into Honda. Calcium 25kg. After sowing, 7--10 days, 667 square meters is spread with 10 kg of urea, and the water layer is to be maintained, combined with cultivating once. Apply 10kg of urea every 20 days to promote closure. (2) Fertility in the vigorous growth period is prolonged. Phosphorus and Potassium fertilizers are mainly used. Each 667 square meters of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 10kg plus potassium sulfate or potassium chloride 20--25kg applicator, or use potassium chloride compound fertilizer 25kg applicator, to promote the stalk color to fade, to attack the grain lay the foundation. (3) During the expansion of bulbs, attacking fertilizers promotes large particles. To master the seedling period, it is necessary to use nitrogen and potassium as the main fertilizer. When the bulbous stem reaches 2cm in length, 10kg of potassium sulfate or 20kg of compound fertilizer of potassium chloride and 10kg of urea can be used per 667m2. - After 15 days, the seedlings should be reapplied one more time as appropriate. When fertilizing, there should be a water layer. The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash applied throughout the field during the growth period was 1:0.40:1.03. 5. In order to maintain aquatic crops in the water layer, shallow water layers should be maintained, and sufficient moisture should be ensured especially in the early growth stage. The specific approach is to keep the shallow water layer 3--5cm in the seedling stage and maintain the water layer 6-9cm in the vigorous growth period, no more than 10cm, to prevent leggy. To stop irrigation 20 days before the harvest (about frost), the leaves began to turn yellow, gradually dry, ready to harvest. 6. Timely control of pests and diseases The main pests and diseases are stem blight, rust, and white peony, which can be controlled by 40% DuPont Fuxing EC 10,000 times. 7. Harvesting and Seeding In mid-November, drain the fields, and when the soil is not sticky, you can excavate. The requirements for a variety of cockroaches are large (more than 18g per mass), dwarfism, roundness and no damage. Storks can be stored for up to 1 year. They can be built (cellars) sealed, and can also be piled up. After the earthworms have been unearthed, they shall be dried to the ground, filled with clean urea bags or feed bags with inner membranes, and then uniformly packed in a pack. The surface shall be covered with a layer of fine sand, and then the agricultural film shall be used to seal the heap for the winter. For the kind of leap years.
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