Use a smartphone to detect diabetes

Today, millions of people in the United States do not know that they have diabetes. A recent study found that data from a smartphone app can help people detect diabetes without having to go to a hospital.
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 30 million people in the United States have diabetes. Almost a quarter of Americans have diabetes, but they don't know. If left untreated, diabetes can have serious health consequences, including kidney disease, eye problems, heart disease and stroke.
Currently, doctors need to take blood samples to diagnose diabetes, which usually requires a trip to the hospital. For a variety of reasons, many people don't have easy access to medical support, so it's important to look for simpler ways to detect diabetes.
Diagnosing Diabetes with Applications Recently, researchers at the University of California have provided an innovative and free solution: a smartphone app.
They took advantage of a feature already in use by many fitness applications on the market, namely photoplethysmography (PPG). This technology requires the use of a smartphone camera and flash.
When the heart pushes the blood, it produces a blood flow pulse that is transmitted through the blood vessels in the body. The peripheral blood vessels expand to accommodate the incoming blood.
By placing the flash and camera of your smartphone on your finger, you can detect small changes in vasodilation. As each contraction of the heart, the light reflected by the skin changes accordingly. It is possible to detect this change by the camera of the smartphone, and it is possible to extract blood flow information from these data.
In the early stages of diabetes, certain blood vessels can develop lesions. "Diabetes can be asymptomatic for a long time, but vascular disease has long since quietly occurred, which can lead to cardiovascular complications," Dr. Robert Avram explained. “The important issue we face is to study low-cost, non-invasive ways to make screening easy for millions of people.”
Screening with a smartphone In order to use the smartphone as a diagnostic tool, the researchers recruited 54,269 participants through the eHeart research project. The study used one of the most popular instant heart rate smartphone apps on the market.
Scientists have invented a deep learning algorithm that uses the PPG signal collected by the application to determine who has diabetes. They will present their findings at the 68th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Cardiology, New Orleans, Los Angeles on March 17th.
The researchers said the algorithm correctly identified 72% of patients with diabetes. When they combined other known risk factors, such as body mass index (BMI), age, and gender, the algorithm identified diabetes as accurate as 81%.
Importantly, their algorithm correctly identifies people who do not have diabetes at 97% of the time.
“According to our findings, this strategy may be a low-cost way to screen for diabetes at home because it can extract information from any optical system with a camera and light source, and most people have a smartphone.” Dr. Robert Avram said.

Source: Omelette

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