Dissolved oxygen in the pond is the lifeline of aquaculture. The diet, growth of fish and shrimp, the regulation of water quality, and the conservation of sediment are all closely related to the management of dissolved oxygen. The management of dissolved oxygen is directly related to the feed coefficient, water quality stability, disease prevention ideas and implementation plan.
Dissolved oxygen sources in ponds: photosynthesis of algae, aeration of air by aerators, and incorporation of pure oxygen through microporous tubes. Different pond conditions, different farming patterns and farming densities have different emphasis on the approach and bias.
Shrimp ponds are divided into high pools and earth pools. Gao Xiangchi was originally defined as a hard-bottomed pond that was higher than the coastline. According to the current development and changes, the author believes that it is more appropriate to use a sewage aquaculture pond that collects sewage and isolates the virus. The high level of oxygen in the pool to support more than 1.5 kilowatts, the power is completely adequate, the key is the use and management. The earthen pond is the muddy pond. The aerobic support for this type of pond is between 0.5 kW and 1.5 kW. The author believes that according to the current demand for shrimp aquaculture is not enough, and the power is not enough, let alone good management. The appropriate aeration of earthen ponds should be the same as the elevated aeration, or even higher (because there is no sewage collection), ie, 1.5 kW to 3 kW/mu.
At present, the South American white prawns, which are cultured, occupy most of the fast seedlings. The prawns grow faster, require more nutrients (food, oxygen, minerals, vitamins, etc.) and require a cleaner environment. Therefore, the satisfaction of dissolved oxygen can not be confined to satisfying the needs of shrimp, and it can not only be satisfied with the lack of oxygen in shrimp, but more to meet the needs of algae and bacteria in the entire pond, especially the bacteria at the bottom of the pond.
At present, the oxygen increase cost of shrimp is generally around 1 yuan for 1 kg of shrimp. It is understood that many high-level farms in Southeast Asia have more than 2 yuan in oxygen costs. The cost of our medication is now rarely less than 1 yuan, or even 2 yuan (high-density high-level pool), the feed cost is higher than 1 yuan is normal, and the incidence of shrimp sales in advance, the cost can be 10 yuan to 20 yuan If farmers increase their investment in aeration of 1 yuan to 2 yuan, reducing other costs will become possible.
Current shrimp pond aerator use:
1. In the early stage of shrimp rearing, shrimps are small, less feeding, less organic matter, and less oxygen-consuming substances. In the middle and later stages, shrimps are getting larger and larger. Baits are fed more than once a day, and oxygen-consuming organic matter such as feces and residual baits are gradually increasing. Most people I like not to open aerators in the early stages. In the middle and late stages, one station is gradually opened. This will not only satisfy the needs of shrimp but also save electricity costs.
2. Many shrimp farmers like to stop feeding, fearing that the shrimp couldn't find the material, or being afraid of the material being buried in the sludge, or being afraid to be swept by the water to the dirty collection area.
The above two points seem to be quite reasonable, but I believe that it is all wrong. because:
Water can be stratified: Once the aerator is stopped, the water is quickly stratified, the deeper the water is, the lower the oxygen is dissolved, and the bottom is almost zero in dissolved oxygen. Regular downtime is to make the bottom of the pond often lack of oxygen, often lack of oxygen will make the pond bottom aging, ammonia, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrazine, aldehydes, phenols and other toxic substances will be produced in large quantities, which is why a large wind and rain Weather (anti-bottom) causes multiple shrimp diseases.
High dissolved oxygen is harmful: after shutdown, the water layer, algae concentrated in the water layer, the upper water photosynthesis high dissolved oxygen, a short period of rapid increase in dissolved oxygen, will inevitably lead to the production of bubble disease, which is why after the storm The eye-catching days are the peak period for the onset of fish and shrimp (especially seedlings).
Shrimp is a benthic animal: in the middle and late period, there is a lot of organic matter on the bottom of the pond. After the machine is shut down, the material is replenished, which causes anaerobicity at the bottom. The shrimp constantly climbs the bottom of the pond (forms an anti-bottom) and releases toxic substances. Can shrimp eat well in a hypoxic and toxic environment?
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