Release date: 2018-04-20
According to a recent neuroscience paper published by Nature in the UK, the latest experiments by German scientists show that the body's immune response affects the severity of brain disease in later life through immune memory. This discovery may indicate that scientists will find a new way to alleviate neurological diseases.
The innate immune system can retain the "memory" of infection for months, thereby altering the subsequent immune response. There are two forms of immune memory: one is training, which enhances the immune response against reinfection through training; the other is tolerance, and sustained exposure suppresses the immune response. Although it is known that inflammation in the body can stimulate the brain's immune response, whether immune memory occurs in the brain's innate immune cells, microglia, is still unknown.
At present, the possibility of regulating microglial responses has been of widespread interest because these cells are associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke. In addition, they are extremely "longevity", so even if regulation is not permanent, it is possible to make lasting modifications to them.
This time, the scientist of the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Jonas Nasr and colleagues, injected lipopolysaccharide into Alzheimer's disease model mice, and found that the β-amyloid protein in the brain of the mice increased significantly. The accumulation of β-amyloid in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease.
Experiments have shown that beta-amyloid plaques activate microglia, which is believed to uptake and process beta-amyloid. After injection of lipopolysaccharide once, microglia appear to have a training response. After 6 months, the injected mice accumulated more β-amyloid than the uninjected control mice. However, after 4 injections, immune tolerance was produced and β-amyloid was reduced.
Similarly, the researchers found that immune tolerance also reduced neuronal damage after stroke. In the accompanying news and opinion article, scientists at the University of California, San Diego, said that studying these processes may mean finding new ways to alleviate neurological diseases.
Source: Technology Daily
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