The swine fever is a dry sclerotium of the polyporaceae fungus, swine fever, which has good economic value. It can be eaten when the fruit body is young and tastes very delicious. Its underground sclerotia is black and has various shapes. It is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which is beneficial to urinary edema. Let's take a look at the cultivation techniques of piglets.
First, growth habits
Growth and development
(1) Relationship between growth and development of Bristle and Honey Fungus
In 1954, it was found that there was invasion of the hyphae of the ringworm in the sclerotia of the swine fever.
(2) Growth and development of sclerotia
The new mites sprouted from the nucleus of the porcine sputum are initially white hair spots, which are easily detached by hand touch. There are more than 40 such bristles on the sclerotia, which grows thicker with the burrs. When the white spots come together, the bacterium is gradually formed. In a growing period, the largest one can reach 18 cm 3 , and the most is about 7 cm 3 . Fresh cockroaches account for only 15.7% of the total number of holes. From the weight point of view, the new cockroaches account for 1.8% of the total weight of the female cockroaches. It can be seen that the reproductive capacity of wild pig mites is very low.
The sclerotia of the swine fever can be divided into three colors: dark brown, grayish yellow and white. The habit is black ash, gray ash and white peony. It is generally believed that black scorpion is an old policeman of three years or more, and ash is a two-year-old. The color of the sclerotia can only be used as a reference for identifying the growth period of the piglet, but not as the sole basis.
Second, choose the venue
Choose the forest area of ​​800-1200 meters above sea level, with secondary broad-leaved forest, mixed-filled forest, mixed forest, sitting on the north slope of the north, 800-1200 meters to cultivate in the sloping slope, 1200 meters early Yangpo or Eryangpo forest or flat land, sloping land cultivation, sunny slope is not suitable for cultivation, soil quality is required to be moist, loose and breathable, and the humus soil content is high.
Third, cultivation time
It can be cultivated all year round, but it is best cultivated in February-May and October-December, and should be avoided in the high temperature period from June to September.
Fourth, the cultivation of dense ring bacteria
The quality of the ring fungus is the main factor affecting the growth and development of the piglet, so the quality of the bacteria is the key to improve the production of piglets.
1. Tree species: Tree species such as big leaf oak, green hill, birch, and eucalyptus, except for oil, aroma, and bactericidal species.
2, section: 6--10 cm tree bar cut into 50-60 cm short section, cut into the fish phosphorus mouth on the tree bar 2--3 surface into the wood layer. Cool the sun for 20-30 days, use the 0.25c/o ammonium nitrate solution for one day.
3. Culture method: use clean sand land or raw sand land to cultivate, digging pit depth of 15--20 cm, length 60 cm, width 70 cm, digging and leveling the bottom soil, laying 3 cm thick wet leaves, leaves Put a layer of 5 tree sticks, leave a gap of 1--3 cm between the sticks, backfill the semi-ditch sand, put the bacteria on the ends of the stick and between the two sticks, put a branch of bacteria every 5 cm. Sprinkle some water, pour the tree sticks, and then fill the gap between the sticks with sand, subject to the cover of the tree. Put the second layer of tree sticks, backfill the semi-ditch sand, put the sticks on the soil (with the first Layer operation is the same). So 3 layers in sequence, and finally cover the sand about 10 cm, watering every 10 days, 3-4 months can grow mycelium, and the culture time of the mushroom stick is 3-10 months per year.
V. Material preparation
1, the next amount: 0.7-1 kg per hole, generally (the standard after the selection of black carp, gray ash).
2. Mycelium: 5 rods per hole. The tree bar with a diameter of 6-10 cm is cut into 50-60 cm short sections, and cut into the fish phosphorus mouth on the 2-3 side of the tree bar to penetrate the wood layer. Cool for 20-30 days.
3, branch: each hole with fresh branches 4-5 kg, the diameter of 1--5 cm tree bar cut into 5-8 cm short section spare.
4, strain: use high-quality honey fungus, 2 bottles of honey fungus per hole. Or cultivate 3 sticks of bacteria.
Sixth, cultivation methods
(1) Method for cultivating bacteria
1. Digging pit: The depth of the pit is 15-20 cm, the width is 60 cm, and the length is not limited. According to the terrain, the bottom of the pit is dug and flat. It is cultivated in woodland or sand.
2, the next kind of put stick:
Fill the humus soil 3 to 5 cm under the hole, place a large tree bar in the middle of the hole, and place a mushroom on each side of the tree stick. The spacing between the mushroom and the middle tree bar is 4--5 cm. The order is A tree stick, a mushroom stick, and so on, the length is not limited, backfilling the semi-ditch fine sand;
2 The following species: uniformly put 0.7--1 kg of pig bristle on each side of 5 dense ring bacteria, and then put 4-5 fresh pounds of branches, the branches must be laid flat and cannot overlap.
3. Filling the soil: Add the fine soil evenly into the middle of the gap between the mushroom rod and the tree rod, and finally cover it with humus soil or sand for 8-15 cm. The pit surface is covered with a flat top to facilitate water retention and protection. "The word cultivation is two layers.
(2) Cultivation method of dense bacteria
The cultivation method is basically the same as the cultivation method of the fungus. Each hole uses 5 tree sticks, 4-5 kg ​​branches, and 2 bottles of bacteria. Method 1. 5 rods are placed in each hole, and the middle is a center rod. Slightly larger, put two tree sticks on each side, leave a gap of 4-5 cm between the tree stick and the tree stick; 2. Backfill the semi-ditch sand in the gap between the sticks, and then evenly put the pigs on both sides of the 5 sticks. 2. Seeds of 2 kinds of dense ring bacteria are evenly placed on both sides of the tree stick and the pig's chop, then put into 4-5 fresh pounds, the branches must be laid flat and cannot overlap; 4. Filling: will be fine The soil is evenly added into the middle of the gap between the mushroom rod and the tree bar. Finally, it is covered with humus soil or sand for 8-15 cm, and the pit surface is covered with a flat top to facilitate water retention and moisture retention.
(3) Mixed cultivation method of piglet and gastrodia elata
The lower layer of swine fever is cultivated in the same way as the sclerotium cultivation method, and the swine fever layer is covered with soil, and then four fungi are placed on the hog sputum layer (two tree sticks, three strains of bacteria), The layer and the gastrodia layer are in the shape of "#", and the gastrodia elata is placed in the upper cover soil 5-8 cm. In the same year, gastrodia can be collected, the efficiency is high, the shape of the hemp is good, and only one plant is planted.
Seven, post-plant management
The management of piglets is very simple, not weeding or weeding. The main points are as follows: one is drought prevention; the other is heat preservation and moisturizing, wintering management; the third is to prevent human and animal trampling; the fourth is to observe the nutritional needs of piglets. Add a rod to cover the soil.
Eight, the prevention and control of pests and diseases
1. Control of mixed bacteria: mainly use high-quality ring-shaped bacteria and cultivate high-quality bacteria, and use clean sand or raw soil to cultivate bacteria.
2. Pest control: Ants. Prevention and control, do not plant in places with more insect pests, but also pesticides for soil pesticidal.
Nine, harvesting and processing
The harvest time of piglets is 2-3 months and November-December every year. The quality of piglets harvested as much as possible during the dormant period is good. After harvesting, large piglets or dried sorghum are used as commodities, and small can be grown for further cultivation.è‹“ Processing can be washed and dried or dried, and finally sold in grades.
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