Millet is one of the main crops in many areas, and the millet itself has the characteristics of drought resistance, resistance to inferiority, strong resistance, long sowing period, short growth period and early maturity. Therefore, the following is a detailed technical plan for mechanization, high yield and high efficiency cultivation of the dryland millet in Chifeng City.
1 Scope
This regulation stipulates the production conditions, land preparation, seed treatment, sowing, fertilization, field management and harvesting of dryland millet production in Chifeng City.
2 Reference standard
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute provisions of this standard by reference in this standard.
HJ/T332--2006 Environmental Quality Evaluation Standard for Edible Agricultural Products
GB 4285--89 Standard for safe use of pesticides
GB NY/T496--2000 Fertilizer Use Guidelines
GB4404.1-2008 cereal seed quality standard
NYT_2845-2015 deep pine pass rate standard
GBT 24675.2-2009 Protective tillage machinery subsoil deep depth standard.
DB37/T285-2000 Shanxi landmark grain harvesting standard
3 natural conditions
3.1 Climate conditions
The annual average temperature is ≥4°C, the frost-free period is above 110d, the annual effective accumulated temperature is ≥2400°C, and the annual precipitation is above 300mm.
3.2 Soil conditions
In line with HJ/T332-2006 requirements, the slope of cultivated land is <5°, the thickness of soil is >30cm, and the pH is 7.0-8.5. After the harvest of the former sorghum crops, the autumn ploughing will be carried out in time, and the depth of the autumn ploughing will be more than 25 cm. On the basis of the autumn turn over the ground, the early spring smashed, so that the soil was loose and reached the upper and lower ground.
4 Preparation before broadcasting
4.1 Site selection
The soil layer is deep and well drained, and the organic matter content is more than 1%. It is best to choose the front scorpion as a legume crop, rapeseed, potato, wheat bran or corn glutinous rice, etc. Among them, soybean meal is the best, avoiding heavy glutinous rice and licking.
4.2 Site preparation
According to the standard of deep loose soil preparation, the autumn machinery is deeply loosened to the ground (killing, deep pine, repression), the main models: Baoding Double Eagle 1sp-200 subsoiler, Ningcheng Changming 1sl-220 subsoiler, 1mc110/130/ 150/220 extruder, Chifeng additional hair 1gms-220/230s type subsoiler, Chifeng Shuntong 1smzl-240 deep loose mites combined with land preparation machine and other models. In the autumn, the depth of the ground is more than 25cm. In the early spring, the soil is protected, and the soil is deeply ploughed before sowing, so that the soil is loose and the upper part is broken.
4.3 farming fertilizer
At the beginning of April, before the spring sowing, combined with deep cultivation, the farmer's fertilizer is 1500-2000kg.
4.4 Variety selection and seed treatment
4.4.1 Variety selection
Choose high-yield, high-quality, high yielding potential, lodging resistance, grain and grass harvest varieties.
4.4.2 Seed treatment
The seeds meet the requirements of GB4404.1-2008, with a germination rate of 85%, a clarity of ≧98%, and a moisture content of 13%. Seed treatment with seed coating agent in accordance with GB4285-89 before sowing.
5 sowing
5.1 sowing date
0-5 cm ground temperature is stable when seeded at 8-10 °C. Generally, in late April and early May, good plots should be broadcast in time.
5.2 broadcast volume
0.3-0.35kg/mu
5.3 planting form
5.3.1 Under-film drip irrigation
It is mainly composed of large and small ridge planting techniques, with a large ridge width of 60 cm and a small ridge width of 30-40 cm; a hole distance of 15 cm, 3-5 per hole, and 2-3 million mu seedlings. Or large ridges are 70 cm wide and small ridges are 30 cm wide.
5.3.2 film
It is planted in large and small ridges with a large ridge width of 60 cm, a small ridge width of 40 cm and a width of 100 cm. The distance between the holes is 15cm, 10,000 holes per mu, 2-3 seedlings per hole, and 20,000 to 30,000 seedlings per mu.
5.4 Seeding method
Carefully study the instructions of the planter, familiarize yourself with the performance of the machine and master the operation skills. According to the agronomic requirements, apply the full-film cover special precision seeder to complete the double ridge ditching, fertilization, drip irrigation pipe, fine seeding, mechanical filming, Multiple operating procedures such as soil suppression.
6 Fertilization
6.1 Under-film drip irrigation
When planting, it can be recommended according to the local soil testing formula. According to the requirements of NY/T496-2010, the fertilizer is prepared with 46% urea 25-30 kg, 64% diammonium phosphate 15 kg, 50% potassium sulfate 5 kg; or 46%. 10 kg of urea, 25-30 kg of special fertilizer for cereals (26-14-8), and applied together at the time of sowing.
6.2 film
When 20-25 kg of urea and 20 kg of 40% millet formula are planted, they are applied together.
7 Field management
7.1 Under-film drip irrigation
7.1.1 Seedling period: Check the emergence of seedlings in time after planting. If heavy rain occurs before emergence, it is necessary to break the clods on the plastic film in time to prevent crushing.
7.1.2 Jointing to heading stage: The key point is to promote the stalks to be thick and strong, and to prevent pests and diseases in time.
7.1.3 Watering at the jointing stage and heading stage, and watering at the right time according to weather changes, soil moisture and plant performance, pay attention to controlling water volume and prevent
7.2 coated millet
7.2.1 After sowing to the emergence of seedlings, in the event of heavy rain before, after the rain, it is necessary to break the clods on the film of the sowing ditch in time to prevent pressure seedlings.
7.2.2 Early detection of pests and diseases should be carried out at the early stage of emergence to maturity.
8 pest and disease control
The use of pesticides meets the requirements of GB4285-89.
8.1 Millet
After emergence of millet, use 8% sulphur acesulfame emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times solution, or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times solution, or 20% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times solution, etc., high efficiency, low toxicity, low Residual pesticide spray.
8.2 Corn borer, millet ash, armyworm, and shooter
About 1 month after emergence (in late June), high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue urethane and pyrethroid pesticides were sprayed with water.
8.3 underground pests
Use 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or 40% chlorpyrifos EC 1500ml, add 7.5kg of water, add 75kg of wheat bran (or boiled cornmeal) and mix well, suffocate for 5h, dry, and then put into the sowing ditch during sowing, or Sprinkle into the ditch in the evening, the dosage is 45kg/hm2.
8.4 white onset
The seeds were treated with a seed coating agent containing 35% of metalaxyl (Retinoid), and the seeds were treated at 2-3% of the seed amount to prevent the onset of millet white.
8.5 smut
The seeds were treated with a seed coating agent containing 40% of the seed dressing ingredients, and the seeds were treated at 2-3% of the seed amount to control millet smut.
8.6 anti-grass damage
8.6.1 Pre-emergence control technology after sowing
The soil was evenly sprayed with 50% chlorhexidine WP 1500-3000 g/hm2 and water 600-750 kg/hm2. Different varieties have different responses to chlorpheniramine, and the susceptibility test should be done before use.
8.6.2 Post-emergence control technology
Use 72% 2.4-D butyl ester EC 750ml / hm2 or 56% 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 600-750ml / hm2 water 300-450kg / hm2, spray at 3-4 leaf stage, can control wide Leaf weeds, used carefully after the jointing of millet.
9 harvest
According to the standard of DB37/T285-2000 grain harvest in Shanxi, the grain of the grain turns yellow and the grain becomes hard. After the leaf is yellowed, it can be harvested and harvested at the right time. Harvesting is carried out by using grain harvesters such as Revo Valley God, Deere and Juming. A series of procedures such as threshing and air drying.
The above is the whole content of the cultivation technology of dryland millet in Chifeng City. Welcome the food growers who need it to come to Huinong.com!
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