Winter is a Kaner for hypertensive patients. Why? When the cold wind blows, the blood vessels are prone to irritation, and the blood pressure is not calm. The patients with high blood pressure are also at high risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This blood pressure rises and falls, which is too worrying. What can a person with high blood pressure do to survive the difficult winter?
Studies have shown that the mean systolic blood pressure in winter is 12 mmHg higher than that in summer, and the average diastolic pressure is 6 mmHg higher than in summer. When the temperature drops by 1°C, the systolic blood pressure rises by 1.3 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure increases by 0.6 mmHg. . At the same time, the fluctuations in blood pressure in winter are also significantly greater than in summer. The most important danger brought by the increase of blood pressure volatility is the increase of complications, especially cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and acute left heart failure. Therefore, monitoring of blood pressure in hypertensive patients should be more "difficult" than in other seasons.
In this cold winter season, if the patient is in a state of fatigue, tension, and excitement, blood pressure will be higher and the risk of adverse consequences will increase. According to reports, Luoyang, who was just recently deceased, died of acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, when winter comes, hypertensive patients should pay special attention to strengthening health care.
One to increase blood pressure self-test
In the winter, hypertensive patients should increase their blood pressure and self-test. If they find abnormalities, they should seek medical advice promptly. Do not adjust the drug dosage and drug types on their own.
Second, we must pay attention to keeping warm
Listen to the weather regularly, pay close attention to climate change, add clothes in time according to weather changes, and prevent colds. Shoes and socks should be warm and breathable, good moisture absorption, soles should be non-slip, and feet should be warm and comfortable. Do not go out in the stormy days when the cold wave passes. Avoid cold stimulation. If you must go out and work, you should take feasible protective measures, wear hats, scarves, gloves, masks and so on. The room should be kept fresh air and suitable temperature, humidity, whether it is using heating or air conditioning, at room temperature 18 ~ 26 °C, humidity 55% is appropriate.
Third, pay attention to a healthy diet
Eat more fish, eat less or do not eat red meat. Red meats such as pork, beef, and mutton contain high cholesterol and saturated fatty acids, while fish foods, especially deep-sea fishes, contain more unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acid is a fat component directly related to atherosclerosis. After eating a large amount of saturated fatty acids, it will increase the synthesis of cholesterol in the human body. Unsaturated fatty acids have the effect of reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Reducing total fat in foods, reducing saturated fatty acids, and increasing the intake of unsaturated fatty acids is not only beneficial for the control of blood lipid levels, but also has a clear benefit for blood pressure. Therefore, we advocate that hypertensive patients eat more fish containing more unsaturated fatty acids in winter and eat less or not eat red meat. Like the Eskimos, although many severe winter baptisms, but high blood pressure and its complications occur less, their eating habits of eating sea fish contributed.
Drink coffee with caution. Research shows that the initial coffee consumption can increase blood pressure by 11/5 mmHg, and lasted for about 3 hours, but also makes the spirit of excitement; regular coffee drinkers, although the performance of mental excitement, but blood pressure does not increase. Therefore, for high blood pressure patients, whether or not to drink coffee varies from person to person. If you have regular coffee habits, you can still drink coffee in the winter to refresh and refresh your body. However, it is best to avoid drinking strong coffee and not add coffee mate, because the coffee mate has a higher risk of blood sugar.
Drink plenty of boiled water or light tea daily. The tea polyphenols in tea can promote the absorption of vitamin C. Niacin can maintain the normal permeability of blood vessels and protect the blood vessels. Theophylline can dilate blood vessels and diuresis. Therefore, drinking tea has a slight decompression. effect. However, it should be noted that caffeine and theophylline in tea have certain stimulant effects on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is not advisable for hypertensive patients to drink tea. Drink black tea in winter.
To remind hypertensive patients is that, even if not thirsty, we must insist on drinking the right amount of boiled water or light tea every day, because a reasonable supplement of water is conducive to dilution, clean blood, ensure blood flow, reducing the incidence of hypertension complications.
Fourth, we must adhere to moderate exercise
Reasonable exercise is good for controlling blood pressure and reducing complications. In the winter, hypertensive patients can use their own physical condition, blood pressure to grasp the amount of exercise, to feel comfortable with the degree of self.
Walking is the easiest exercise for all types of hypertensive patients. Studies have shown that after a long period of walking, diastolic blood pressure can be significantly reduced, and symptoms will be improved. The time for a walk is generally 15 to 50 minutes. Once or twice a day, the speed can be determined according to the individual's physical condition. The place is best to choose fresh air outdoors.
Jogging and long-distance running is more exercise than walking, and it is suitable for patients whose blood pressure has been controlled. The highest heart rate of hypertensive patients during jogging can reach 120 to 136 times per minute. Long-term adherence to exercise can cause a steady decrease in blood pressure, a stable pulse, enhanced digestive function, and reduced symptoms. Running time can be gradually increased, suitable for 15 to 30 minutes. Speed ​​is slow, don't run fast. If you have coronary heart disease, you should not run for a long time to avoid accidents.
Patients who like ball games try to choose “small balls†such as table tennis, badminton, billiards, bowling, golf, etc. They should not be too long and should not exercise too much.
Tai Chi has a significant role in the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure, which helps to improve the balance and coordination of the movements of hypertensive patients.
What needs to be reminded is that hypertensive patients who have habits of morning exercise need to wait until the sun rises after going out for exercise in the morning in winter, and the amount of exercise is smaller than summer.
Fifth, beware of mood swings and fatigue
Extreme anger or tension can induce myocardial infarction and stroke. Therefore, patients with hypertension must maintain an optimistic and happy mood and avoid ecstatic fury, depression, sadness, fear, and fright. Also beware of excessive fatigue, because fatigue will increase the burden on the heart, leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events such as myocardial infarction.
Sixth, insist on drug treatment
Winter is the season of high incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction. While maintaining effective blood pressure, it is also necessary to prevent brain stroke induced by inappropriate medication. Specifically, hypertensive patients must use drugs to achieve "three wants" and "three don'ts." First, follow the doctor's advice and adhere to regular medications; Second, use medications that meet the standard and maintain blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg; Third, pay attention to and be familiar with the adverse reactions of the drugs used, and consult a doctor promptly once they occur. "Three Don'ts" refers to the use of antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure, do not arbitrarily change; do not blindly believe that "radical, remedies" and other deceptive words; do not drop because of blood pressure, it suddenly stopped, so as to avoid blood pressure anti Jump to a hypertensive crisis.
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