1. Select high-yield, high-quality maize hybrids with strong resistance. According to local production, economic conditions, pests and diseases, etc., select high-quality, widely adaptable, high-resistance, and high-quality seed quality corn hybrids suitable for local planting.
2, choose corn coating species. The seed coating agent contains insecticides, drought-resistant agents, trace elements, etc. It can effectively control soil pests such as underground pests and corn head smut, and can make Miao Qi Miao Jian, laying the foundation for high yield.
3, drug seed dressing. For corn seedlings that do not contain insecticides, the seed moisture content should be controlled at 12% to 14%, and 1 kg seed dressing seed dressing 50 kg. Select and control insecticides such as earthworms, cockroaches, and other adult pests such as aphids, corn smut, and stalk rot to prepare seed dressings. This has a good effect on preventing and controlling diseases and pests and ensuring the whole seedlings.
Reasonable dense planting
Reasonable density is the most effective measure to increase production of corn production. There are three main factors that affect the planting density: First, the characteristics of varieties, different varieties should adopt different planting densities. Take the climate characteristics of Luliang mountainous area as an example. For late-maturing varieties such as Fuxin No.2 and Qinlong No.9, the interplanting density of normalization is appropriate for about 3000 plants per acre; Jindan No.46 and other medium-early-maturing varieties, normalized intercropping Density per acre of about 3500 is appropriate; Second, the impact of topography conditions, Yinshan should thin, Yangshan should be dense; Third, the impact of soil water and fertilizer conditions, high water and fertilizer soil should be thin, low water and fertilizer soil should be dense. Therefore, determining a reasonable planting density based on the characteristics of varieties can make a panicle number per pan, grain number per panicle, and grain weight form a coordinated group structure and exert the effect of increasing the yield of the group.
Field management
As the saying goes: “Three minutes and seven minutesâ€, good breeding is the foundation, and field management is the key. In field management, according to the growth and development laws of different growth stages of corn, various effective cultivation and management measures are used to create favorable conditions for the growth and development of corn, to meet the needs of growth and development of maize at each stage, to reduce individual differences, and to make individuals and groups Can coordinate development and achieve the goal of high output, stable production and high efficiency.
1, weeding, weeding.
We must strengthen weeding and weeding, and timely earth-cultivation, and timely weeding and earth-cultivation should be carried out in accordance with the different growth stages of corn, and the fields should be kept clean and ventilated. Maize grows robustly, and soil cultivation can prevent lodging in the middle and late stages, ensuring high yield of corn.
2, fertilization.
Base fertilizer: scientific and rational fertilization is an important measure to achieve high yield of corn. In the fertilization of corn, organic and inorganic fertilizer should be given equal weight, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be used in combination. At the same time, soil testing and fertilizer application techniques should be used. Base fertilizer is mainly farmyard fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is shop, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are used in combination. Formula fertilizer is 35-50kg per acre.
Top dressing: In combination with cultivator weeding and soil dressing, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied. The first top-dressing was carried out in the corn 10 to 12 leaf stage (big bell-mouth stage), applying urea 20-25 kg/mu; the second top-dressing (attacking grain fertilizer) was carried out at the beginning of corn wire drawing, applying urea 5~8 kg/mu. Can also be based on the conditions of fertility, extra-root fertilizer, foliar spray 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea mixture.
Pest Control
1, common pests and diseases.
The more common corn pests are: aphids, red spiders, corn borers, ground tigers, and armyworms. The more common corn diseases are: head smut and corn rough dwarf disease.
2, control methods.
Physical control: 1 seed selection. In the process of selecting corn seeds, seeds with good disease resistance or lightly susceptible corn varieties should be selected, which can effectively reduce the probability of infestation of corn crops with pests and diseases. 2 implement rotation. 3 increase potassium fertilizer. In the process of corn growth, applying more potassium fertilizer in the field can significantly improve the disease resistance of corn. (4) Clean up the corn plant residues and dead heart seedlings in time, which can effectively reduce the probability of pest transmission. Once the diseased seedlings are found in the process of field management of corn, they should be promptly eradicated, and the eradicated diseased seedlings must be properly handled to prevent the secondary spread of pests and diseases. 5 drug seed dressing. Using seed dressing before corn sowing can prevent pests and diseases.
Chemical control: 1 corn borer. In the corn leaf stage, 1.5% phoxim granules can be applied, with a dosage of 1-2 kg per mu. Plus 5 times fine soil or fine river sand mixed into the bell mouth, in the tassel smashing period, per acre with 2.5% deltamethrin EC 1,000 times liquid vinegar drop filigree, prevention and control of second generation corn mash. 2 corn, small spot. Before and after tasselling, 70% of the diseased plants in the field and 20% of the leaves can be used 50% carbendazim WP 500 times per mu, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 500-800 times, 75% Chlorothalonil WP 800 times, spray control, interval 7 days, even spray 2-3 times. 3 corn red spider. Spotted red spider spiders can be used in areas with 3% per acre of 1.5kg of phorate granules, or 55% of 3911 EC of 1kg of fine sandy soil or sawdust 20kg, evenly applied to the rows of corn for fumigation control. For the contiguous re-emergence of corn fields, to facilitate the field spraying operations, 20% of eucalyptus EC may be used, or 5% Nisoxau EC may be sprayed at 2000 times. Spraying medicine. Where conditions permit, it is advisable to use miticide and diesel in a 1:1 ratio and use a smoke sprayer to prevent and control smoke when the air pressure is low in the morning or evening.
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