In the process of fruit production, the phenomenon of debilitating or death of young fruit trees often occurs. In the technical guidance work, the author summarizes these phenomena, summarizes some technical experiences used in practice, and proposes preventive measures. Prepare fruit farmers friends and colleagues for reference.
One, draw
The fruit trees are drawn because the watering season is too busy and excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the growth of the saplings. The growth of the saplings is excessively prosperous, and the temperature in winter or early spring is high, and there is less rain and snow. The branches need water and root water supply. A serious imbalance has occurred, causing the shoots to dry out. A few are caused by the damage of Daqingye.
Precaution:】
First, spring planting is recommended, and after the introduction in the fall, the planting can be performed first. The method is to dig 50-70 centimeters deep into the ditch. In the ditch, a slope with a 45-degree angle is repaired, the seedlings are placed on the slope, and the roots are filled. Into the wet soil, and then in turn into the seedlings and fill soil until the seedlings finished, and then the height of 90% of the seedlings covered with wet soil, and finally irrigation into the pit. Immediately after the convulsions in spring, the colonization was performed.
Second, after planting and fixing, each tree is nested in a long plastic film bag, which can prevent the drawing of the strips, prevent pests, and promote budding and growth.
Third, after planting oyster sauce, with glycerin or animal oil, from the bottom of the seedlings to look up, to prevent water loss. After the planting has taken place, in early April, the part of the budding part will be cut off at the lower part of germination, and the remaining part will be left with 2-3 buds in the upper part, and the rest will be eradicated.
Fourth, when intercropping vegetables, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of Daphnia in the autumn. You can spray 1500-fold of cypermethrin or LS.
Second, fertilizer damage
There are two kinds of fertilizers. The most common one is caused by chemical fertilizers. The amount of fertilizers is large and concentrated. It is easy to cause root burns. Symptoms are trunk dryness or whole plant death. The second is to use a large amount of organic fertilizer that has not been cooked to cause burning of the roots, causing the aboveground to weaken or even die.
Preventive measures: For the slight burning of roots caused by fertilization, first turn the tree tray, mix the fertilizer and soil, and then pour 1-2 times of water to dilute the fertilizer concentration. If trunks are caused to dry up, they must be coated or painted in time, covered with plastic sheets, and promote the formation of healing tissue to prevent conversion to dry rot or rot. Fertilizers should be applied in more points, with a depth of 15 to 20 centimeters. The amount of fertilization per hole is 1-2, or it can be sprinkled in a tree tray to carry out the whole garden. Organic fertilizer must be decomposed or dried before applying it.
Third, branch diseases
Mainly caused by stem dry rot. After the discovery, he must be promptly treated. If he can use chlorhexidine, 5% bacterin, or 9281, he has already caused death in the above-ground parts. He must see the dead part in time and handle the excision saw to make a new branch.
Fourth, local rats foraging
Occurred in intercropping peanuts, sweet potato young orchards. Ground rodents often cut off their roots in the winter, causing them to weaken or die. Preventive measures: First, pay attention to potting frozen water before winter. The second is to place poisonous baits under the orchard tree to kill rats in winter. Thirdly, after the occurrence of damage, bridges between roots and trunks can be carried out in the spring, with 3-4 branches per tree, followed by the enhancement of fertilizer and water management, and the growth can be resumed in the year or the second year.
V. Serious water loss at the root
It is specified that seedlings that have been severely dehydrated before planting or watering before planting will die after colonization. This kind of situation generally can only be changed by another seedling. If there is mild water loss in the roots of the seedlings transported from a long distance, they can be soaked in clean water for 10-20 hours and then transplanted with root powder before planting. When adjusting the seedlings in the long distance, after the seedlings are lifted, they must be smashed with mud and then packed in plastic bags or wet pouches before loading them. The tarpaulin should be tightly closed after loading to prevent water loss during transportation.
VI. Freezing injury
Some tree species have poor cold resistance and are prone to frost damage in the winter, resulting in the death of the shoot formation layer, which results in the death of the trunk and even the whole plant. Such as persimmons, figs, pomegranates, peaches, peaches, kiwis and so on.
For those species that are susceptible to freezing, protective measures should be taken before the beginning of winter. One is white and can be painted one meter off the ground. The second is bandaging, which can be used to wrap up newspapers, then outsource plastic sheets, or use straw ropes to wrap them. The third is to expose some parts of the animal after the dressing is exposed to some animal fats or spray hydroxymethyl cellulose to prevent loss of water. It has been determined that the dead in the upper part of the ground should be cut off in time during the spring sprouting period.
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