India is the world's largest producer of peppers. The total area of ​​pepper cultivation in the country is 915,200 hectares, accounting for 45% of the total world acreage. Their chili production technology is now described as follows:
1. Tillage system There are two major types of pepper cultivation in India: the arid area is dominated by the single pepper; the hot and humid areas are mainly intercropping, mainly interplanting with cotton; the pepper varieties are mainly dry red pepper varieties. In addition, the method of cultivation of Indian peppers interplanting peppers has been quite complete, and the planting area has reached 60,000 hectares.
In addition to interplanting with cotton, the peppers cultivated on the loam soil are sometimes interplanted with crops with short growth periods such as garlic, onion, and hoe, while those on sandy soil are interplanted with lentils and ramie.
2. The cultivation season of pepper in different regions of sowing and transplanting is also different. Some first season sowing in June, the second quarter sowing in September, sowing seedlings transplanted in July, transplanting in September; some direct seeding cultivation in June-July, seedling transplanting in 7- Seeding in August and transplanting in September; some planting in spring for cultivation in January-February, autumn cultivation in June-July.
3. Field Management In India, peppers can be grown in a wider range of soils, but require good soil drainage and are rich in organic matter. In areas where rainfall (mainly April-May) is 600-1200 mm, the peppers grow well; however, irrigation is required in areas less than 600 mm. As an autumn crop (ie, June-August), the required water requirement of the pepper is 550 mm. At this time, good irrigation conditions are required to obtain a good harvest.
The spacing of plants planted in India's pepper fields is generally 75 cm and 120 cm. The species with fewer branches is generally 30 cm and 60 cm.
Pepper fertilization generally applies 25-30 tons of organic fertilizer per hectare as a base fertilizer before transplanting. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 150:75:75. However, in rainy areas and seasons, organic fertilizers (basic fertilizers) can be appropriately reduced, generally 5-10 tons per hectare, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 100:50:50, and two weeks after transplanting the peppers. All phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied, and nitrogen fertilizer was applied in half, and the other half was used for topdressing after one month. However, in areas with good irrigation conditions, nitrogen can be applied in three separate batches, each with an interval of three weeks.
The entire harvest period can last about two months, each time interval 10-12 days, harvesting 5-6 times in the whole growth period.
When making dry peppers, farmers usually harvest them when the peppers are half red, then pile up and let them all turn naturally to red, and then dry in the sun. In recent years, in order to encourage the export of dry peppers, the Indian government has generally subsidized farmers to use tarpaulins to dry the peppers to ensure quality.
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