Winter is a dormant period for pests of various fruit trees, and it is also an opportune moment for controlling fruit tree pests. It is particularly important at this stage to take appropriate control measures against fruiting wintering pests and to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of fruit and plant pests and diseases.
Keep the orchards clean and clear dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds. The weeds around the roots of litter, deciduous and fruit trees are one of the main overwintering sites of many pests. The timely cleaning and removal of dead branches, fallen leaves, weeds, fruit drops, and stamens, and burial of them; burning or direct fertilization can effectively eliminate Overwintering pests greatly reduces the number of pests in the following year.
Scraping is to scrape rough skin and cut off pests and branches. Many pests and pathogens that damage fruit trees such as rot, ring spines, red spider, and tussock moth are overwintered in cracks in rough skin and under rough skin, and bark is scraped in winter to remove these diseases and insect pests. The degree of scraping the skin, the general grasp of small trees and weak trees should be light, big trees and Wang trees should be heavy principles, the light only scraped dead dry skin, severe scraping to the cortex yellowish green appropriate. After shaving, the rough skin is buried or burned. The second is to scrape rot disease spots. The dormancy period is the epidemic period of rot disease. Even in the lowest temperature month of January, the lesions are constantly expanding. We must carefully scrape the bad tissue of the diseased part and the attached 5 mm or so of healthy skin tissue to reach the xylem, which is conducive to the healing of the lesion. In the spring of March to March, it should be carefully and comprehensively inspected once. The scraped lesions should be promptly applied and disinfected. For the old scrapings to cure the old lesions, it is necessary to prevent recurrence, and it is necessary to pay attention to consolidate the control effect.
Before being tied into the winter, a grass handle is tied over the roots of the fruit trees to induce the insects to go into the grass and lay their eggs for winter. After the winter, the grass handles are unwound and burned, which can eliminate a large number of overwintering pests and eggs parasitizing in the grass handle.
Cut winter pruning is an important technical measure for fruit tree management, and it is also an effective method for eliminating overwintering pests during dormancy. Reasonable pruning can adjust the load of trees, improve the ventilation and light conditions of fruit trees, promote the healthy growth of plants, and improve the resistance to pests and diseases. Cut off those branches that have pests and diseases, and burn them centrally after cutting them, or deeply bury them, which can greatly reduce the pest infestation source in the coming year.
Plane deep planer tree soil. Many overwintering pests are lurking in the soil under the canopy. Before being frozen on the soil, deep-casting the tree tray can directly kill some of the pests that have passed through the winter in the soil. At the same time, by turning the soil, some of the pests can be exposed on the soil surface and be exposed. Frozen or eaten by birds.
When the soil is closed to the soil, the orchard is deeply plucked, and the overwintering pests in the soil can be killed through cold and drought to achieve the purpose of disinfestation. The depth of turning the garden is generally 30-40 cm, and the better the time is, the closer to the soil freezing effect is, because at this time, the pest has entered a dormant state and cannot be re-entered into the winter.
Spraying is usually done after the pruning of the fruit trees and before the budding of the fruit trees in early spring. It is best to spray twice. Can spray 3 to 5 degrees lime sulfur, requiring the tree, the ground must be sprayed. In this way, not only can the cut wounds and branches be protected, but also some of the pests that overwinter in the trunk and soil can be eliminated.
The white coating of the tree trunk can prevent sunburn and freezing injury, delay budding and flowering of fruit trees, avoid the danger of late frost, and also treat trunk diseases and pests, that is, killing pests that overwinter in bark joints. The proportion of the whitening agent can be as follows: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 to 2 parts of salt, 36 to 40 parts of water, and a small amount of insecticide. Whitening time is best twice, first after falling leaves and before the soil freezes, and the second time in early spring. The main part of the white painted area is the main trunk, the main branch, the base of the main branch, the south of the trunk, and the sunburst on the tree fork. Pay attention not to apply it to the bud to prevent burning. The whitening agent should be dry and dilute properly so as not to be lost during coating. After drying, it is not necessary to fall off or fall off.
Protect the wound and close the saw and cut it. The wounds left on the tree after pruning in winter are the invasive pathways for rot of fruit trees and silver leaf diseases, and also the wintering sites for some pests. Can use varnish or tung oil to add appropriate amount of lard to reconcile and smear on the wound for protection; early spring can also be used 80% dichlorvos closed saw cut, eliminate the wintering pests.
Vitamins are a type of trace organic substances that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. In terms of physiological functions, vitamins are neither a raw material for tissues nor a substance for supplying energy, but they are an indispensable substance for the body. It has many types and different chemical structures. Most of them are the components of the coenzyme (or prosthetic group) of certain enzymes. They are the indispensable compounds for maintaining the normal growth (growth, health, reproduction and production function) of the body. It plays a catalytic role in the body to promote the synthesis and degradation of major nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, etc.), thereby controlling metabolism. Vitamins are essentially low-molecular organic compounds. They cannot be synthesized in the body, or the amount synthesized is difficult to meet the needs of the body, so they must be supplied from the outside. The daily requirement of vitamins is very small (usually measured in milligrams or micrograms). They are neither a raw material for body tissues nor a substance for energy supply in the body. However, they do not regulate material metabolism, promote growth and development, and maintain physiological functions.
Vitamin K2 MK-7, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K2, Vitamin H, Vitamin D3
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