As a kind of high-grade health vegetable, Huanghuang has grown rapidly in recent years. The planting experience is summarized below.
First, choose a good variety
There are many varieties of leeks that are used for the cultivation of yellow peony. There are two kinds of leeks and lobules according to the size of the leaves. There are early-maturing varieties, medium-maturing varieties and late-maturing varieties according to the ripeness. The “Xiapu pupa†in Chengdu, Sichuan Province is relatively good. The cultivar has the advantages of rapid growth, high yield, cold resistance, fertilizer resistance, disease resistance, etc. It is more powerful than ordinary leeks, and has wide, thick, many seedlings, and high pseudostalks. Coarse and hard to lodging, less horse racing roots, not easy to float long, and fewer diseases, high yield, but the current production of the ideal softening cultivars.
Second, soil selection
The cultivation of Sassafras tsutsugamushi has higher soil requirements. It is better to choose sandy loam with deep soil, high organic matter content, loose air, water and fertilizer, and irrigation and drainage.
Three, soil preparation
Amaranth is a vegetable that has been harvested for many years. It is no longer plowed. Therefore, the soil must be deep-rooted before planting so as to develop the root system. It is better to plow up to 25-30 cm in depth, and after intensive cultivation, the soil is exposed for 3-5 days. The large pieces of soil will be broken and the soil will be finely grounded. Work should be considered to be conducive to irrigation and drainage. Small plots can be made about 10 meters wide. North and south turtles should be shaped like turtles. Large plots should not be used as plutonium. Kaiwei ditch for drainage.
Fourth, choose suitable cultivation methods
The leeks can be sown and planted in the spring and autumn of each year. The spring season is good, and the time is from mid-March to mid-April. Fall is in late September to early October.
1, live. The amount of 2 kg per acre is used. Before sowing, the planting ditch with an east-west direction, a smooth bottom surface, a depth of 17-20 cm, and a bottom width of about 17 cm will be opened on the surface of the loquat by a row spacing of 73 cm. Dig the bottom of the ditch, smash and level the soil, and sprinkle a thin layer of fine sand to fill the gap in the soil and then sow. In order to achieve uniform seeding, uniform depth of seed into the soil, and emergence of seedlings, a kind of seeding pressure plate (1 meter long board, 8-10 centimeters wide, one head lifted and tied with rope) must be specially made, and the board is placed in the sowing ditch. Drag slowly in front of the other, and then gently press the plank against the other person so that a straight impression appears in the groove. After dragging, the seeds are evenly sowed in the impression. After sowing, it is covered with a thin layer of fine sandy soil, the thickness is not more than 0.5 cm, and then fully decomposed human excreta is used. The concentration is 1 part of human excreta to 2-3 parts of fresh water, and the amount of human excrement per acre is good. 1,000 kilograms.
2. Transplanting ramets. The seedlings that will be separated from the young pods will be prepared. About 4000-5000 strains will be needed per acre, and a good east-west direction, a depth of 20-25 cm, and a 30-35 cm gap will be established. Apply 2000-3000 kilograms of farmyard manure per acre or 1000-1500 kilograms of organic compound fertilizer and 50 kilograms of superphosphate. Mix the fertilizer and the soil thoroughly, and then separate the seed into the ditch. About 20 centimeters, the water can be enough to set the roots.
V. Yellow River Water Management
The vegetable growers who planted glutinous yellow rice have “a small drought in three sunny days, a drought in five sunny days†and “said leeks cannot be openedâ€. It shows that the supply of adequate water and fertilizer, and the maintenance of a regular moist state of the soil is very important for the growth of yellow peony. It is not only beneficial to the growth of tillers and leaves, increasing the current year's yield, but also increasing the output in the coming year and delaying the aging of the plants. And can make the leaf tissue tender, to improve the quality of the purpose. Spring sowing seedlings must be watered after sowing, depending on the weather conditions. When it is dry, it should be poured once every morning and evening and kept moist so that the seeds germinate quickly and emerge early. Generally dry seeds can be germinated and unearthed 6-10 days after sowing. At this time, the entire grass should be covered in a timely manner. When the seedlings grow to 6-10 cm in height, they are topped by 20% of human and animal dung. After 20 days, the fertilization concentration was gradually decreased as the temperature increased, but the frequency and amount of fertilization were increased. On the 7th day, 10% of human and animal dung were applied. Seed height 30-40 cm, increase the fertilization concentration, generally 30% of human and animal feces, every 50 kg can also add 0.2-0.3 kg of urea, to promote the rapid growth of seedlings, stupid stem thick and generous leaves. In case of drought, it is necessary to put gutters to drain water, and after the water is shrunk, apply 50% of human and animal dung.
VI. Prevention and cure of pests and diseases of yellow peony
1. Diseases of Scarlet Yellow Sprouts are diseases such as gray mold, disease and verticillium wilt.
(1) Gray mold. The main damage leaves. Control methods: The degree of susceptibility varies from one species to another. Therefore, selection of disease-resistant varieties is one of the important measures to prevent and treat this disease. If a small number of plants are found to be susceptible to disease, they can be sprayed with 50% Sulfamethoxazole or 50% Propionin 800-1000 times, and also can be treated with 50% Carbendazim Wettable Powder 500 times.
(2) Diseases. Can harm the roots, stems, leaves, especially pseudostem victims heavy, heavy incidence when the humidity is heavier, prevention methods: Because the epidemic disease is heavy in the conditions of high humidity, so when the site preparation to open a drainage ditch, pay attention to the rotation Or plant on the ground where no yellow plant has been planted. If it is found that the disease can be used 50% a solution of 600 times copper frost or 64% antiviral 400 times spraying, spraying once every 10 days, continuous control 2-3 times better.
(3) Verticillium wilt. The main damage to the leaves, when the leaves are infected, the tips of the leaves gradually become yellow, and the leaves sag becomes yellow. When the leaves are sick, the whole plant is wilted and yellow. Control methods: timely detection of diseased plants, 50% carbendazim 500 times solution or 70% mancozeb 500 times solution spray at the early stage of disease. At the same time, fertilization should be based on farmyard fertilizers and organic fertilizers to enhance the disease resistance of the plants.
2. Prevention of insect pests The pests of alfalfa yellow are mainly larvae. Later on, leeks are also known as cockroaches, and they mainly accumulate in the ground to harm the tender stems. In the spring and autumn, the young stems of the chives are rotted, causing the yellow leaves to die. Control methods: When larvae are found to be harmful, use 75% phoxim 500 times solution or 20% fenvalerate 2000 times solution to root.
3, the main weeds control weeds in the fields there are weeds, crabgrass, wild leek, dandelion, plantain and so on. Weeding method:
(1) manual excavation.
(2) spraying herbicide, enough water can be sprayed after sowing to use 50% butachlor EC, 100-150 ml per acre of water spray applied to the surface.
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