Baoying County is a county for commodity grain production bases throughout the country, and grain production has been harvested for nine consecutive years. Baoying County is the first organic food base demonstration county in China and has established an organic rice base of 100,000 mu. In traditional agricultural production, due to the occurrence of sloughs, leaf blight, and black streaked dwarf disease, it is necessary to repeatedly use pesticides to control pests and diseases, causing certain drug residues in crop products. A large number of chemical fertilizers are used during the fertilization of crops to cause soil compaction, change the soil ecological environment, and create agricultural non-point source pollution. In order to protect the rural environment, reduce non-point source pollution in rural areas, and effectively improve the quality of agricultural products, our county began to vigorously develop organic rice cultivation in 1999 and vigorously engaged in organic agricultural production. We have developed 6 organic rice-duck farming enterprises and planted organic rice 2 years ago. With more than 10,000 mu, the company has raised more than 200,000 organic ducks each year, Baoying Green Grass Organic Farm, and Yangzhou Baoying Taiji Organic Farm Co., Ltd. have established an organic rice production base of 10,000 mu. A total of 100,000 organic ducks have been raised using rice and duck. Organic rice fields do not use any chemical fertilizers, pesticides, organic fertilizers such as livestock and poultry manure, and biological pesticides for preventing and controlling rice diseases and insect pests, so that the ecological environment of rice fields can be improved, various kinds of organisms can be bred, and weeds, pests, cockroaches, snails, frogs The ducks are provided with nutrient-rich natural animal and plant feeds. The ducks produce quickly and the meat is delicious. The excrement discharged from ducks acts as an organic fertilizer in organic rice fields. It also has the function of loosening soil, removing pests, and removing weeds. Rice-rice co-production of paddy fields significantly increased yields compared to other organic rice fields, and rice has good taste, good quality, and good marketability. The organic rice produced by rice and duck is 3-4 times the price of ordinary rice, and the selling price of ducks is more than 1/3 of the market price. Rice-duck co-production technology is a new model of integration of agriculture and animal husbandry. It is also a new way to develop efficient organic agriculture and has a broad market prospect.
The organic rice paddy duck and duck co-production is basically the same as common rice paddy and duck co-operation, mainly highlighting the selection of duck species, feed and disease prevention and treatment, local breed selection for duck varieties, and best use of food crops produced on organic farms. Epidemic prevention and control do not use antibiotics and are treated with Chinese herbal medicine and other biological methods.
First, organic duck feeding and management
1, duck species selection. Choose local species with moderate body shape, good adaptability, and strong disease resistance, which are suitable for stocking in the field, such as Gaoyou Ma duck.
2, ducklings of domestic water. One of the requirements of ducks for domesticated water is to use early water to increase the adaptability of the ducklings to the paddy field. The second is to tame the water, allow the ducklings to exercise in the water, and start training the ducklings at the age of 1-5 days. Each time you launch water, water, and feeding, call for conditioned reflexes.
3. Daewang Seine. After rice is transplanted, nylon nets are used around the paddy fields. The nets are made of 22-cm mesh nylon nets and heights of 70-80 cm to prevent natural enemies such as weasel and wild cats from attacking and to facilitate duck management.
4, ducks under the field time. After 7 days of artificial transplanting, the machine transplants the earliest planting plant more than 10 days after planting. Miao ducks that are suitable for placement in rice fields are generally bred at 7 to 10 days of age. After advancing water in advance, it can be put into paddy fields. The time for ducks to be placed in paddy fields should be chosen from 9 to 10 o'clock in sunny morning.
5, the number of ducks. If the number of ducks is too small, the labor cost cannot be saved. If the number of ducks is too large, it is not easy to manage the ducks. It is better to stock 15 ducks in one mu of paddy field, and more feeds need to be added. Large areas of organic rice fields with 4000-5000 / group is appropriate.
6, artificial feeding. Scheduled, scheduled, and scheduled calls for 2 feedings a day, at 6:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m., predominantly with duck full-rate feed in the early stages, and feeding wheat grown on organic farms in the middle and later stages. The amount of feed is judged by the number of weeds and aquatic animals in the paddy field. If there are fewer ducks and grasses, increase the number of feeds appropriately.
7, lightning protection. In order to prevent thunderstorms and heavy rain, a simple duck house was built for ducks in the corner of the rice field, and the ducks were led to the duck houses before lightning and rainstorms. It is advisable to raise the height of a simple duck house to a height of about 20 mu. The duck house is 10 meters long and 1.5 meters wide. It can accommodate about 300 ducks, covered with colored steel tile, and surrounded by nets.
8, timely recovery of ducks. The effective symbiosis period of rice and ducks is generally about 75 days. Ducks should be collected before the rice blooms, and the ducks should be fed before the moulting and listed after fattening.
9, disease prevention and control. Focusing on prevention of bird flu hepatitis, bird flu, duck plague, and colibacillosis, ducks are kept and treated with traditional Chinese medicine and regularly repelled. Pay attention to the withdrawal period. The timely detection and removal of dead birds in Tanaka (including ducks, birds, etc.) prevents the ducks from eating dead poultry carrion and its aphids and causes death.
Second, the application effect of rice and duck co-production
1, weeding effect. Among the various application effects of rice-duck forage, weeding effect is the most obvious and it is even better than chemical weeding. Rice-duck for a long time together weeding, sustainable 60 ~ 70 days, ducks are constantly feeding in the rice field, can very cleanly remove weeds and arbor in rice fields, can completely replace the organic rice field artificial weeding.
2, pest effect. Ducks like to eat insects and aquatic animals, and can effectively reduce the rice planthoppers, vertical leafhoppers and other pests.
3, fertilization effect. During the period of rice-duck co-production, a duck excretes about 15 kilograms of feces in a rice field. A duck lives in a paddy field for 60 days, excreting about 15 kilograms of feces in a rice field, and 15 ducks in a mu. It is equivalent to 5.4 kg of urea, 17.5 kg of calcium, and 2.8 kg of potassium chloride, which can basically satisfy the top dressing of paddy fields.
4, shallow oyster soil. The ducks are constantly active and swimming in the paddy fields, resulting in loose soil, muddy water, and loose soil. The stirring of water makes oxygen in the air more soluble in water and promotes rice growth. Mixing mud to produce drowning can effectively inhibit weed sprouting.
5. The quality of rice and duck products has been improved. Since organic rice does not use chemical fertilizers and pesticides, it does not use herbicides, and there are more insects and young grasses than ordinary rice fields. Ducks prey on various insects in the rice fields and feed on young weeds and duckweed in the field. The non-polluting water source is conducive to improving the quality and taste of duck meat and increasing the breeding efficiency. The excrement of ducks in rice fields is used as an organic fertilizer in organic rice fields. The quality of rice produced is good and the taste is good.
6, to promote the development of rice plants. Ducks are constantly moving between rice plants. Duckbills are constantly searching for food on rice plants. This stimulation promotes plant opening and tillering, and promotes the development of rice plants into short, strong fan-shaped plant types with thick stems, well-developed root systems, and spikes. Large deformation, increase wind resistance and disease resistance, increase production.
7, significant economic benefits. Rice and ducks do not use pesticides, fertilizers, and herbicides in common use. Their yields are somewhat different from conventional rice production using pesticides and chemical fertilizers. However, the production costs of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are reduced, and the cost-saving effect is obvious. The quality of duck meat was improved, and the sales price of the product was greatly increased. The economic benefits were significant.
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