Ginkgo biloba is an old tree species in China and is the oldest relic plant in existing seed plants. Its leaves are extremely medicinal, and up to 160 species of Ginkgo biloba extract have been known so far. Mainly flavonoids, terpenes, phenols, alkaloids, polyisoprene, quinic acid and so on. In the past 20 years, with the improvement of research methods and methods, people have increasingly used the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, and developed many pharmaceuticals and oral liquids. With the increase of the dosage, the planting area of ​​Ginkgo biloba is also growing, even With a lot of specialized ginkgo gardens, but to form a special leaf with ginkgo biloba still need some technology, here we introduce the following leaf with ginkgo garden management technology.
First, planting seedlings and planting density. Planting seedlings are generally selected for short internodes, strong branching ability, resistance to pruning, strong basal sprouting ability, large leaf size, and large and thick leaves, such as Tifu 2 and Qixing fruit; plant spacing 0.41 meters, density It is 1666 per mu.
Second, soil fertilizer management. Soil nitrogen fertility status is the most important fertility factor restricting the yield of Ginkgo biloba, and other factors affect the growth of Ginkgo biloba through the synergistic effect with nitrogen. Ginkgo is fat and fertilizer-resistant, and leaves are more like fertilizer and water. Ginkgo biloba twigs generally stop growing in the middle or late June. Therefore, in late March and late mid-2008, the new shoots will be planted with nitrogenous fertilizers during the flood season and the new shoots will grow in the middle and mid-May. Appropriate amounts of phosphate fertilizers will be added to promote leaf growth. Applying 2 kg of urea per acre per mu, spraying 0.4% of urea and 0.6% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate separately in July and August each time, in order to promote dark green color and increase leaf thickness. September base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, mixing a certain amount of compound fertilizer. The organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed and mixed with furanide to prevent pests underneath.
Third, the plastic trim. Generally used two-year seedlings Dingmiao seedlings, after the second year in early March after germination, germination before the first 40 centimeters to dry, when the new shoots grow to about 12 centimeters, according to different directions to choose to stay 4 main branches, cut off other branches. When the four main branches grow to 35 centimeters, they are again picked up and promote buds. After several times of cultivation, a plexiform canopy is formed and the total height of the plants is controlled within 2 meters. In order to promote more lateral branches, The tree should be heavily pruned during the winter, and at the same time, some dense branches and thin branches should be cut off.
Fourth, the appropriate degree of canopy closure. According to the survey, the appropriate degree of canopy closure for the continuous production, stable yield and normal tree growth in the leaf collection garden is around 0.8. Below this indicator, leaves are sparse and do not reach high yields. Above this indicator, the vegetation is closed and the scenery conditions are reduced. The lower and lower leaves of the leaves are yellow and dry, and not only the leaf yield is low, but also the quality is poor. To maintain a reasonable degree of canopy, first adjust the plant's sparse density, followed by attention to pruning, cutting branches from sparse cut, reduce the number of stem branches.
Fifth, timely harvest. Timely collection of leaves is an important part of improving the yield and quality of the leaves. During the growing season, because the petiole has not yet formed a disengagement layer, picking is difficult and picking should be performed piece by piece. Picking should be carried out in batches in stages. For the first time, from the end of July to the beginning of August, the old leaves of the inner and lower branches of the tree crown were taken first, and 1/3 of the number of leaves on each branch was taken. The second time in early October, before the yellow leaves were harvested in large quantities, it was beneficial to the growth of the trees and ensured the quality of the leaves. When picking the leaves, it should be done on a sunny day. The method of collecting leaves is to use hand picking as a good method and avoid sticks being beaten so as not to damage the tree body and affect the output of the following year. Due to the freshly harvested leaves, the water content is high, generally about 70%. If it is not dried in time, it is easy to heat and turn yellow. Therefore, it must be processed in a timely manner. If possible, it is dried by a dryer and dried out by this method. Leaves, water content of 8%; under normal circumstances, picking Ginkgo biloba should be immediately spread out to dry and remove weeds, branches and mildew leaves, usually 2-3 days to dry. Store in a dry room.
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