There are more than 100 kinds of diseases that have been found in vegetables such as melons, solanes, and legumes cultivated in energy-saving greenhouses. There are more than 50 kinds of diseases that often occur and are seriously endangered. Among these diseases, cucumber downy mildew etc. A small number of diseases are transmitted from outside the greenhouse by means of airflow and people's agricultural activities. Most fungal and bacterial diseases and some viral diseases, such as blight, blight, damping off, sclerotia, anthrax Diseases such as root rot, and their pathogens are all overwintering in the soil or in the soil with the aid of the diseased body.
Most of the initial infections of these diseases come from the soil in the greenhouse. Therefore, whether it is possible to prevent and control soil-borne diseases is the key to the success of energy-saving greenhouse vegetable cultivation.
To prevent and control soil-borne diseases, we must conscientiously implement the plant protection policy of “prevention-based, comprehensive prevention and control†and earnestly perform the following tasks.
1. Using the characteristics of good greenhouse sealing performance, in the summer season when the indoor crops change, take technical measures such as flooding, fire, high temperature chamber, etc., eradicate residual bacteria in the indoor soil, purify the soil, strive to maintain indoor sterility, and prevent all of the above The first infection of the disease.
2. Pay attention to fertilizer hygiene and prevent the entry of contaminated fertilizers into greenhouses; organic fertilizers applied must be covered with plastic film at high temperatures during the summer season, fully decomposed and sterilized with 4,000-fold 99% Tianda hymexazol for detailed application. .
3. Managers entering the room should change shoes, socks and overalls in the outdoor operation room to prevent clothing, footwear and gargles from entering the room; operation room floor, to disinfect the lime surface, footwear and overalls, to diligently wash the sun, disinfection After personnel enter the greenhouse, they must close their doors and lock them out. It is forbidden for outsiders, especially other greenhouse management personnel, to enter the house to prevent other greenhouse diseases from being cross-infected and outdoor pathogens from invading the greenhouse.
4. To nurture strong seedlings, when growing seedlings, use aseptic matrix to prepare nutrient soil, and use 4,000 times 99% Tianda hymexazol liquid to carefully spray nutritious soil to completely kill the residual bacteria in the soil.
In addition, a large number of diseases are carried by seeds. Before seedlings, they must be soaked for 10 to 30 minutes with 4,000 times 99% Udda or 1% potassium permanganate or 10% trisodium phosphate to kill germs.
When constructing seedbeds, gravel or pebbles shall be laid under the nutrient soil, membranes shall be laid on the bottom, soil subsurface infiltration shall be applied on the membranes, and light and temperature of the seedbed shall be regulated and controlled so as to prevent and control diseases and insect pests and promote strong seedlings.
5. When the seedlings are transplanted, 4000 times 99% Tianda hymexazol plus 2000 times Tianda lambda-cyhalothrin solution or 2% Tianda Avery liquid must be used to spray seedbeds and seedlings in order to achieve net seedlings. Enter the room. Immediately after planting, 1000 times stronger seedling type "Tianda 2116" + 4000 times 99% Tianda hymexazol, or 500 ~ 1000 times dry flooded harvest + 4000 times 99% Tianda Hymexazol medicinal liquid, per plant 100 ~ 200 ml; later combined with top dressing and disease prevention medication, add 600 ~ 1000 times "Tianda 2116", once every 10 to 15 days. The underground cultivars per acre Chong Shi Tian Dagen likes to intensively fertilize 5 kilograms of fertilizer, promote the growth and development of the vegetative body, increase the photosynthetic efficiency, increase the root strength, strengthen the plant's disease resistance and adaptability, and reduce the incidence or non-pathogenesis.
6. Implement crop rotation to improve the ecological conditions of pathogens and reduce infection; increase organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and trace element fertilizers, adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants, maintain plant growth and growth, and increase disease resistance of crops. .
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