With the gradual saturation of the wheat and rice harvester market, the corn combine harvester has become a new tool for farmers after the harvest of wheat and rice. Faced with many types of corn harvesters at home and abroad, how to choose and use the corn combine harvester to obtain the best economic benefit is the issue that people are most concerned about. Below, talk about your own views.
First, we must first consider the quality of users
The self-propelled, high-horsepower and intelligent foreign corn combine harvester is currently used to produce domestically-sustained medium-sized and small-sized tractors (also known as backpacks) and equipped with models capable of harvesting one to four rows of corn at a time. In choosing investment, we must first master the control and maintenance capabilities of electromechanical and hydraulic integration based on our own mechanical and technological level. Try to choose a device that is simple in structure, easy to handle, convenient in operation and maintenance, and in good harvest performance, and in conformity with its own technical quality.
Second, should consider the regional adaptability
1. Everyone knows that most models of corn combine harvesters both at home and abroad require “on-the-job harvestingâ€, and corn plants in different parts of the country vary widely, even if the corn in a natural village has different rows. Therefore, a corn combine harvester with the function of finding (ie not traveling) is one of the user's choices.
2. China's corn planting areas are relatively long and scattered, and the natural conditions are very different, resulting in different corn varieties and different agronomical cultivation. As a result, the growth and yield of corn are different, and they are clearly divided into different regions in one year and two years. In the two-year area, the yield is low, the dwarf plant has small ears, the stalks are fine, the yield is high in one year, the plant height is high, the stalks are thick, and the crops are mostly ridged. Therefore, the height of the picking table should be considered. Adjustable and convenient, and the design strength of the picking table, the strength of the material used, the reliability of the manufacturing strength, and the model required for the durability of the product.
3. In the two-year area, the three autumn seasons will promptly plant winter wheat, and most of the corn will harvest the ear during the period when the straw is greenish and the grain is cooked. In this way, both the corn breakage rate and the trash removal rate are very low, and there is no need to consider installing and using a discharge device. In a year-round area, when the corn is fully mature at the time of harvest, the ear is drooping, the yellow leaves of the straw are crisp, the rate of broken stems is high, and the entrainment of the miscellaneous leaves in the ear box is serious, so a corn harvesting machine with cleaning function for cleaning is selected. .
4. The current land-to-house management system in rural areas in China, where land is divided and planted. Generally, the area of ​​plots is small, the number of auxiliary roads in the fields is narrow, and it is difficult to enter the ground. When using mechanized harvesting, the harvest can be harvested from It is critical that the corn harvester models at any location in the field enter the field and open the auxiliary work channel by themselves. At present, most of the available models are hanging (also known as backpack) corn harvesters that are mounted by tractors. To achieve the self-opening harvesting channel, you must select the picking table (also known as the front header). Width that is greater than or equal to the tractor's width. On the other hand, the labor intensity of the manual cutting auxiliary work channel can be reduced; on the other hand, work efficiency can be improved.
Third, investment efficiency is an important basis for selecting models
At present, China's corn combine harvesters are mainly divided into self-propelled, suspended, towed, wheat harvester replacement corn picking table and other major categories. Self-propelled high degree of automation, high requirements for the quality of the hand, the price is more expensive, more failure rate, maintenance is difficult, high cost, longer recovery period. Traction-type aircraft gensets are side-type tractions. The width of the aircraft body is large and cannot be opened by itself. Small plots are not suitable. The replacement of the corn picking table by the wheat harvester is a new plan for research starting in the first or second year. It needs time to mature and should not be purchased too soon. Considering the needs of the major corn producing areas in China, the distribution of corn planting area and variety proportion, the matching of agronomic requirements and labor resource costs, the necessity and urgency of the application of maize mechanized harvesting technology, the level of regional mechanized equipment, and the overall purchasing power of users, etc. Investment efficiency (recovery investment time) is an important basis for users to choose corn combine models. At present, it is advisable to choose a mounted corn combine harvester.
The knapsack (suspended) corn combine harvester model consists of two parts: a tractor and a harvesting machine. The existing tractor can be used as a power host. The one-time investment is relatively small, even if the host and machine tools are merged and acquired. A multi-purpose machine, the annual income is also very impressive. Example: If a set of generators is invested about 100,000 yuan, the tractors in the spring and summer seasons can drive planters, rotary cultivators, ploughs, rakes, and other equipment operations. Generally, they can get a net profit of 20,000 yuan in two seasons; Harvesting machine, operating 20-30 days, daily operation 30-50 acres, charges 45-65 yuan per acre operation, can achieve operating income 45,000 yuan - 65,000 yuan, deducting oil charges, labor costs in a single quarter net income up to 35,000 yuan About two years back more than investment. If you can work across regions, the benefits will be better.
Fourth, we must pay attention to the best matching tractor
When choosing a tractor, first consider the power reserve. The safe power reserve factor should be 130% to 150% better. For example, a corn harvester equipped with a 2-meter-wide picking table has a rated power of 30 KW, which is best matched with tractors above 40 kW. To save fuel or reduce investment, do not reserve too much power. To achieve cross-regional operations, choose a tractor with cab as much as possible. When buying a tractor, price is the main factor, but it cannot be excessive. Also consider the comprehensive indicators of the company's products, such as the professionalism of the manufacturer, the production period, the product return, the repair rate, the status of the complaint, and the situation of the Three Guarantees. Taking into account the environmental impact of cross-regional operations, choose a model with good adaptability for cross-regional operations. Before the cross-region operation, it is necessary to implement the after-sales service network and guarantee capability of the tractor manufacturers so that cross-region operations can achieve better returns.
Fifth, choose products should focus on quality and after-sales service
1. The corn combine harvester is a new product. When purchasing, it must pay attention to whether the product passed the appraisal department of the provincial-level or above agricultural machinery, whether there is an Agricultural Machinery Promotion License issued by the competent department of agricultural machinery at or above the provincial level, and randomly checks “three "certificate" (product certification, three packs of certificates, product manuals) is complete.
2. When purchasing, you must master the use of the machine before or in the vicinity of your intended working area. To understand the previous sales volume and distribution of the model, it is best to consult the old user before purchasing.
3, after-sales service center, station, point of work radius (usually within 100 km is appropriate) has an important impact on the quality of service. After-sales service quality to a certain extent determines the efficiency of corn harvester operations. To implement in detail, fully prepare to increase the effective rate of corn harvesters.
4, to buy high integrity products. Before purchasing, it is necessary to inspect the support rate, user satisfaction rate, product complaint rate, product return rate, product return rate, and patented technology ownership of the enterprise. It is necessary to guard against fake and fake counterfeit products, so as to avoid unnecessary losses.
Sixth, must take a full range of learning before use
After the user purchases the machine, he must first read the "Product Instruction Manual" carefully, keep in mind the provisions for safe use, and master the mechanical principles. To actively participate in various forms of training, we must make full use of graphic materials and video materials to make a good study, truly understand the principle and understand the structure, be able to operate and maintain, maintain and manage, eliminate potential accidents, and achieve safe production. , to increase production and income.
VII Carefully organize and carefully formulate work plans according to operating conditions
1. Coordinate the coordination between harvesting crew and grain transportation capacity, balance the harvesting capacity and transport capacity, reduce the number of auxiliary operations, and increase the operating efficiency.
2. In order to reduce the number of auxiliary operations, the crew can adopt the method of obliquely entering the ground in order to reduce the number of auxiliary operations. The method of opening and opening the machine in the direction of the machine, and the method of opening the machine in a small direction can save time and efficiency. However, in order to reduce the loss of the ear, you can temporarily not put down the field returning machine.
3. When there are land plots of more than a few acres or contiguous plots, corn harvesters and transport vehicles can be used in parallel to reduce the downtime of unloading grain and increase production efficiency.
4, in strict accordance with the requirements of product specifications, timely maintenance of machinery.
5, must adjust the machinery as required, must not misuse misuse and private dismantling to change the product, so as not to cause permanent quality problems.
VIII. Safe Production Should Be Put First
The first thing to keep in mind is the product safety regulations.
1. Power must be cut off when troubleshooting or troubleshooting.
2. During the operation of the machine, the climbing site must not be climbed.
3. Non-workers are strictly prohibited from staying in production areas. When the machine advances or retreats, it is necessary to warn the auxiliary personnel and non-workers to evacuation to the non-operational area in advance.
4. When the transmission parts and rotating parts work, it is forbidden to contact and eliminate the accidents.
5. During the transfer of machinery, pay attention to the safety of pedestrians in the past, and pay special attention to the signs of restricted travel (power lines, trees, height-limit signs, bridges and culverts, etc.) during the journey.
6, before the operation to do a good job of obstacle surveys, to master the situation in the operating area, identify and remove obstacles, or make a clear identification, before carrying out operations.
In short, the corn combine harvester is a hot spot in the development of China's agricultural machinery. According to the analysis of relevant experts, harvesting operations accounted for 55% of the total maize production labor and labor intensity, which is the main link in corn production.
From the perspective of the product's cost performance, it is best to use the tractor-mounted suspension (hippi) model; from the perspective of adaptability, we should choose the strict spacing requirements, header height hydraulic lift, with ear cleaning and cleaning The device, the width of the picking table (header) is equal to or greater than the width of the tractor, and the corn harvester with three picking lanes is equipped. From the perspective of supporting power, it is better to use tractors with more than 60 horsepower.
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