Symptoms The disease is an important disease of sorghum and occurs in all producing areas of sorghum. From the seedling stage to the adult stage can be infected. Infected leaves at the seedling stage damage the leaves, causing the leaves to dry and causing sorghum dead seedlings. The lesions on the leaves were spindle-shaped, with a reddish-brown center and purple-purple edges. Spots were dense black spots on the lesions, ie pathogenic spore plates. Anthracnose mostly occurs from the tip of the leaf blade, and the size is 2—41—2 (mm), which seriously causes the leaves to die in parts or in large parts. Leaf sheath lesions are larger and oval, and dark spots are also secreted later in life. After sorghum heading, the germs can infect the young panicles and necks, and the lesions form larger lesions. There are also small black spots on the lesions, which can easily lead to the collapse of sick ears. In addition, it can also cause damage to the cobs and branches or stalks.
Pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola (Cesati) Wilson. Anthrax spp. is known as a fungus of the subphylum Aspergillus. The conidia plate is black, scattered or aggregated on both sides of the lesion, diameter 30-200um. Bristle straight or slightly curved mixed, brown or black, the top is more pointed, with 3-7 membranes, size 64-1284-6 (um), scattered or arranged in rows in conidia plate. The conidiophore stem cells are colorless, cylindrical and 10-144-5 (um) in size. Conidium sickle-shaped or spindle-shaped, slightly curved, unit cell colorless, size 17-323-5 (um). In addition to damaging sorghum, it can also harm wheat, oats, corn and other grasses.
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens overwinter with seeds or sicknesses. After the onset of illness in the following year, the seedling stage can cause dead seedlings. A large number of conidiospores are produced on adult-onset lesions, spread by airflow, and reinfected several times, spreading continuously or causing epidemics. There was a significant difference in the incidence of sorghum varieties. Rainy years or low-lying and high-humidity fields generally occur, causing the leaves to die prematurely. The occurrence of anthrax in the northern sorghum producing area is early, and the low temperature and high rainfall during July and August may predispose to the epidemic, causing large areas of sorghum to die early. Control methods (1) Dispose of the diseased body in time after harvest, perform deep plowing, and turn the diseased body into the deep soil to reduce the primary infestation source. (2) Apply large-scale crop rotation, apply sufficient organic fertilizer, and apply high-yield formula fertilization techniques. In the third cultivating and weeding process, topdressing ammonium nitrate, etc., so as not to defertilize later, and enhance disease resistance. (3) Select and popularize disease-resistant varieties that are suitable for the local area and eliminate susceptible varieties. (4) Seed treatment seeds can be used to seed seedlings of anthracnose and northern anthrax at the seedling stage with a 0.5% seed weight of 50% thiram powder or 50% seed dressing double powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder. disease. (5) In the epidemic year of the epidemic or individual susceptible fields, spraying 36% Thiophanate-containing Suspension 600x or 50% Carbendazim Wettable Powder 800-fold from the booting stage, 50% benomyl wettability Powder 1500 times, 25% carbon tetrachloride wettable powder 500 times, 80% Dasheng M-45 wettable powder 600 times.
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