The spring and summer seasons are the breeding season for goldfish, and it is also the busiest time for fishing in the year. Goldfish breeding has the characteristics of large workload, strong connection, and high technical requirements. Due to the lack of experience and technology, some fisheries often have low spawning rate, low hatching rate and low “golden low†phenomenon. Some fish farms do not see fish every year, even broodstock suffer casualties, seriously affecting the fishery. The production and benefits. After trials and explorations, we believe that the following points should be paid attention to in the breeding of goldfish.
1 Choosing a broodstock
The broodstock should have the characteristics of strong physique, obvious reproductive characteristics, and high ornamental value. It is better to use 2 to 4 years old young fish, and try to choose different sources. There is no or little genetic relationship of the bred fish as a broodstock, and must be planned from the field. The introduction of high-quality breeding fish and local goldfish of the same species, in order to achieve the purpose of purification of varieties, improve quality.
In order to ensure the high fertilization rate of goldfish eggs, the ratio of male to female should be 1:1.5 or 1:2. The male and female individuals should not differ too much, and the age composition should be mated with new males.
It is strictly forbidden to use old and sick fish as broodstock to make up the numbers. Inbreeding is forbidden. Otherwise, the reproduction rate will be low, the quality of larvae will be degraded, the growth will be slow, and the disease resistance will be poor.
2 Managing Broodstock and Fish Eggs
The broodstock is well managed before, during and after birth. The broodstock cultivation pool should keep the water quality fresh, reduce the density, appropriately lower the water level, and increase the light to increase the water temperature. It is necessary to depend on the appetite and weather conditions of the broodstock to feed the appropriate amount of fish or insects or the full-price compound feed. Do not cast more or less, or a few days. Feeding, so that the broodstock as soon as possible to restore physique to complete all the physiological preparations for spawning.
The goldfish have a long spawning period. During the breeding period, various tasks such as feeding, changing nests and changing water are required. Keep the water fresh, feed fresh fish and insects in appropriate quantities, and replace the fish nests in time to allow the broodstock to spawn in a good environment. Post-partum broodstock is weaker and should be promptly moved into the “old water†with the same temperature as the original water to feed finely.
The nests of fish in the hatchery should not be placed too densely. The nests should be suspended in the middle and upper layers of water. To prevent the water temperature from rising and falling, measures should be taken in due course, such as covering the curtain or plastic film, and foreign matter in the water should be promptly removed. The fertilized eggs hatch into the sensitive period after 2 to 3 days of incubation, and they must not be flipped freely. Try not to change the water to increase the hatching rate and reduce the production of deformed larvae.
3 Grasp the opportunity to timely promote hatching
3.1 timely promotion of production in the goldfish breeding season by increasing water temperature, adding new water, increase dissolved oxygen, the opposite sex stimulation, put the fish nest and other methods to stimulate broodstock maturation, promote broodstock smooth estrus spawning. The completion of this physiological process is the result of a combination of several factors. Avoid subjectively wanting to spawn eggs and emphasizing one factor. If too much water is changed too often, blindly feeding results will be counterproductive.
3.2 Matching and putting fish nests at the right time When the male fish chasing females increases and the chasing time increases, it means that the broodstock is nearing labor. At this time, the mating group should be moved into the spawning tank (cylinder) at a proper time, and the nests should be laid in time to be suspended in the pool water. Generally, eggs can be laid in the early morning of the next day.
3.3 Timely artificial insemination Artificial insemination has many advantages such as low cost, short time, high fertilization rate, and is very suitable for large-scale production. Because the method of wet insemination is simple and the harm to broodstock is light, it is mostly used in production. When found in the fierce pursuit of male and female broodstock, estrus should be removed from the broodstock in time for artificial insemination. This work is usually performed at 4 to 5 o'clock in the morning. Observe carefully and grasp the right time. If the eggs are too early to be cooked, the eggs will be over.
3.4 Timely replacement of fish nests When fish nests are evenly distributed, new fish nests must be removed and replaced in time to prevent hatching or ingestion by broodstock and loss of eggs.
3.5 Timely demolition of fish nests It is also a good time to remove the fish nest from the hatchery. After the hatching of the fry, the swimming ability is very poor. It is necessary to attach to the fish nest to grow and grow, and the fish nest can also be used to block the strong light. At this time, the fish nest cannot be removed. When the fry can swim in parallel, remove the fish nest again.
4 Control water quality
Brilliant green water or green water is preferred for broodstock breeding. The spawning pond should be clean and high in dissolved oxygen. During the breeding season, the broodstock has a large amount of bodily fluids. A large amount of bodily fluids dissolved in water often corrupts the water, causing floating heads or boring cylinders. So change the water in the afternoon or evening after spawning every day. When the pool water is green, the broodstock and the fish nest should be moved into another spawning pool, and the old spawning pool should be washed and replaced with fresh water. The hatching pool water must be fully cleaned and fully cleaned with fresh oxygen. The use of green water and raw water is strictly prohibited in the incubation of goldfish. When changing fish ponds, they should be replaced with fresh isothermal water that has been air-dried for 2 to 3 days.
5 strict disinfection
As early as the spring weather is unpredictable, water temperature and water quality are unstable, and a large number of bacteria and parasites are active frequently. Goldfish are prone to diseases such as gill rot and water mold, and it is necessary to take early preventive measures.
Brooders, spawning ponds, hatching ponds, fish nests and all kinds of tools should be soaked and washed before use. Can be used 201.0E-6 bleach or 3% saline or 1010E-6 potassium permanganate water soak 0.5 ~ 1d. Tools and utensils should be constantly sterilized against infection by pathogens.
Broilers in the spawning process due to fierce pursuit or artificial squeezing eggs, the surface of the mucous layer was destroyed, some skin, scales may be scraped off and susceptible to infection. After the end of spawning, the broodstock was washed with 1010E-6 potassium permanganate or 2% to 3% saline for 10 minutes, and the wounded area was promptly smeared with anti-inflammatory drugs until healed.
Before hatching, the fish nest is rinsed twice in the basin containing hatchery pool water to remove impurities and dirt. When the nest of eggs is still not clean, it can be disinfected with 1010E-6 potassium permanganate to prevent waterborne mildew from occurring. . The ponds that are heavily polluted by hydromycosis can be prevented from sprawling by spraying 3% saline water every day around hatching fish nests until they hatch. For pests such as dragonflies and leeches in hatchery ponds, the insects can be killed with crystals of 0.110E-6 with a content of 90%.
1 Choosing a broodstock
The broodstock should have the characteristics of strong physique, obvious reproductive characteristics, and high ornamental value. It is better to use 2 to 4 years old young fish, and try to choose different sources. There is no or little genetic relationship of the bred fish as a broodstock, and must be planned from the field. The introduction of high-quality breeding fish and local goldfish of the same species, in order to achieve the purpose of purification of varieties, improve quality.
In order to ensure the high fertilization rate of goldfish eggs, the ratio of male to female should be 1:1.5 or 1:2. The male and female individuals should not differ too much, and the age composition should be mated with new males.
It is strictly forbidden to use old and sick fish as broodstock to make up the numbers. Inbreeding is forbidden. Otherwise, the reproduction rate will be low, the quality of larvae will be degraded, the growth will be slow, and the disease resistance will be poor.
2 Managing Broodstock and Fish Eggs
The broodstock is well managed before, during and after birth. The broodstock cultivation pool should keep the water quality fresh, reduce the density, appropriately lower the water level, and increase the light to increase the water temperature. It is necessary to depend on the appetite and weather conditions of the broodstock to feed the appropriate amount of fish or insects or the full-price compound feed. Do not cast more or less, or a few days. Feeding, so that the broodstock as soon as possible to restore physique to complete all the physiological preparations for spawning.
The goldfish have a long spawning period. During the breeding period, various tasks such as feeding, changing nests and changing water are required. Keep the water fresh, feed fresh fish and insects in appropriate quantities, and replace the fish nests in time to allow the broodstock to spawn in a good environment. Post-partum broodstock is weaker and should be promptly moved into the “old water†with the same temperature as the original water to feed finely.
The nests of fish in the hatchery should not be placed too densely. The nests should be suspended in the middle and upper layers of water. To prevent the water temperature from rising and falling, measures should be taken in due course, such as covering the curtain or plastic film, and foreign matter in the water should be promptly removed. The fertilized eggs hatch into the sensitive period after 2 to 3 days of incubation, and they must not be flipped freely. Try not to change the water to increase the hatching rate and reduce the production of deformed larvae.
3 Grasp the opportunity to timely promote hatching
3.1 timely promotion of production in the goldfish breeding season by increasing water temperature, adding new water, increase dissolved oxygen, the opposite sex stimulation, put the fish nest and other methods to stimulate broodstock maturation, promote broodstock smooth estrus spawning. The completion of this physiological process is the result of a combination of several factors. Avoid subjectively wanting to spawn eggs and emphasizing one factor. If too much water is changed too often, blindly feeding results will be counterproductive.
3.2 Matching and putting fish nests at the right time When the male fish chasing females increases and the chasing time increases, it means that the broodstock is nearing labor. At this time, the mating group should be moved into the spawning tank (cylinder) at a proper time, and the nests should be laid in time to be suspended in the pool water. Generally, eggs can be laid in the early morning of the next day.
3.3 Timely artificial insemination Artificial insemination has many advantages such as low cost, short time, high fertilization rate, and is very suitable for large-scale production. Because the method of wet insemination is simple and the harm to broodstock is light, it is mostly used in production. When found in the fierce pursuit of male and female broodstock, estrus should be removed from the broodstock in time for artificial insemination. This work is usually performed at 4 to 5 o'clock in the morning. Observe carefully and grasp the right time. If the eggs are too early to be cooked, the eggs will be over.
3.4 Timely replacement of fish nests When fish nests are evenly distributed, new fish nests must be removed and replaced in time to prevent hatching or ingestion by broodstock and loss of eggs.
3.5 Timely demolition of fish nests It is also a good time to remove the fish nest from the hatchery. After the hatching of the fry, the swimming ability is very poor. It is necessary to attach to the fish nest to grow and grow, and the fish nest can also be used to block the strong light. At this time, the fish nest cannot be removed. When the fry can swim in parallel, remove the fish nest again.
4 Control water quality
Brilliant green water or green water is preferred for broodstock breeding. The spawning pond should be clean and high in dissolved oxygen. During the breeding season, the broodstock has a large amount of bodily fluids. A large amount of bodily fluids dissolved in water often corrupts the water, causing floating heads or boring cylinders. So change the water in the afternoon or evening after spawning every day. When the pool water is green, the broodstock and the fish nest should be moved into another spawning pool, and the old spawning pool should be washed and replaced with fresh water. The hatching pool water must be fully cleaned and fully cleaned with fresh oxygen. The use of green water and raw water is strictly prohibited in the incubation of goldfish. When changing fish ponds, they should be replaced with fresh isothermal water that has been air-dried for 2 to 3 days.
5 strict disinfection
As early as the spring weather is unpredictable, water temperature and water quality are unstable, and a large number of bacteria and parasites are active frequently. Goldfish are prone to diseases such as gill rot and water mold, and it is necessary to take early preventive measures.
Brooders, spawning ponds, hatching ponds, fish nests and all kinds of tools should be soaked and washed before use. Can be used 201.0E-6 bleach or 3% saline or 1010E-6 potassium permanganate water soak 0.5 ~ 1d. Tools and utensils should be constantly sterilized against infection by pathogens.
Broilers in the spawning process due to fierce pursuit or artificial squeezing eggs, the surface of the mucous layer was destroyed, some skin, scales may be scraped off and susceptible to infection. After the end of spawning, the broodstock was washed with 1010E-6 potassium permanganate or 2% to 3% saline for 10 minutes, and the wounded area was promptly smeared with anti-inflammatory drugs until healed.
Before hatching, the fish nest is rinsed twice in the basin containing hatchery pool water to remove impurities and dirt. When the nest of eggs is still not clean, it can be disinfected with 1010E-6 potassium permanganate to prevent waterborne mildew from occurring. . The ponds that are heavily polluted by hydromycosis can be prevented from sprawling by spraying 3% saline water every day around hatching fish nests until they hatch. For pests such as dragonflies and leeches in hatchery ponds, the insects can be killed with crystals of 0.110E-6 with a content of 90%.
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