How to fertilize crops As the saying goes, “One crop of flowers depends entirely on fatâ€. The nutrients needed for the growth of crops are now known to have more than 20 kinds, of which carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen can be obtained from air and water, and generally do not need to be provided in the form of fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are high in the crops and they absorb more, which is called "a large number of elements." They are less abundant in soil and need to be supplemented with fertilizers, so they are particularly called "three elements of fertilizers." Calcium, magnesium, and sulfur are commonly referred to as "medium elements." Copper, zinc, iron, manganese, boron, molybdenum and other elements, the crop needs less, called "trace elements." Generally speaking, the medium and trace elements contained in the soil can meet the needs of the crop. However, for some crops that are particularly sensitive to the middle and trace elements and certain trace elements lack relatively severe soil, the corresponding medium and trace element fertilizers must be applied. . The use of only one type of fertilizer in crops is not an issue for crops. Both large and medium-sized elements or trace elements are equally important and indispensable. The absence of a certain trace element, despite its low requirement, still produces trace element deficiency, which leads to a reduction in production. Regardless of trace elements or large and medium-sized elements, their importance is the same. This is the "equally important law." In addition, the various nutrients needed by crops have certain functions in the crops and cannot be replaced with each other. This is the “irreplaceable lawâ€. Therefore, fertilization must be targeted, that is, what is lacking. How to decide which fertilizer plant to use For growth and development, it is necessary to absorb various nutrients. However, the nutrient factors that determine the crop yield are the relative minimum content in the soil, and the output also changes within a certain limit with the increase or decrease of this factor. If it is not targeted to supplement the minimum nutrients, even if other nutrients increase more, it is difficult to increase production, only to cause waste of fertilizer. The minimum nutrient is not fixed, for example, nitrogen is the most scarce at the beginning, and it is the minimum nutrient, and the yield level is limited by nitrogen. After the nitrogen is increased, phosphorus becomes the minimum nutrient, and the yield level is limited by phosphorus; after both nitrogen and phosphorus are increased, Potassium becomes the minimum nutrient, and the yield level is limited by potassium. If more nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are used in soils with severe potassium deficiency, crop yields will not increase. There is not a positive correlation between the increase in fertilization and the increase in yield. When the fertilizing amount is very low, the increase in the unit fertilizer is large. With the increase of the fertilizer amount, the increment of the unit fertilizer shows a decreasing trend. When the fertilizer amount increases to a certain degree, the production of more fertilizer materials will not increase. . This is the law of diminishing returns. Therefore, fertilization should be done so as to “eat without wastingâ€. How to scientifically and rationally apply fertilizer to achieve scientific and rational fertilization is to achieve "what to make up for, what to eat, and not to waste", that is, to formulate fertilization. Formula fertilization is based on theories of nutrient return theory, minimum nutrient law, equal importance, irreplaceable law, and law of diminishing returns on fertilizers. It follows the interdependence of soil, crops, and fertilizers, and is based on fertilizers and comprehensive agricultural technologies. As a guiding principle, determining the type, quantity and proportion of fertilization before the birth and the corresponding scientific fertilization techniques are important measures to achieve high yield, high quality, high efficiency, soil fertility, increase of chemical fertilizer utilization, and protection of the ecological environment. Formula fertilization must determine the method of fertilization according to the law of crop manure, soil fertility and fertilizer effect. The first is to know what nutrients the crop needs to grow and how much it needs, which requires a determination based on crop species and product levels. The second step is to understand how much nutrients can be supplied in the soil. This needs to be determined through analysis and analysis of soil nutrients. The third is to understand how much of the fertilizer applied to the soil can be absorbed and utilized by crops, which needs to be determined through field trials. In general, the nutrients needed by crops are composed of two parts: soil supply and fertilization. The total amount of nutrients needed for crop growth, minus the portion that soil can provide, is the amount of nutrients that need to be fertilized. To formulate fertilization, we must rely on scientific means to understand the conditions of crops, soils, and fertilizers, just as we used to say, “Look at the heavens, look at the earth, and look at the crops.†Formula fertilization must follow the combination of organic and inorganic, the combination of large quantities, medium quantities, and trace elements, the combination of land use and land management, and the principle of balance between input and output.
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