In the anti-season vegetable production, the demand for wintering squash has greatly increased in recent years. However, in the production of zucchini often suffer from the virus disease, once the disease. From 20% to 30%, the output is reduced, and the output is reduced by 90% or more. Even the entire shed is destroyed and the production is lost. In the prevention and treatment of this disease, most farmers ignore the comprehensive prevention and control measures before the onset of disease, until the detection of the diseased plant and then use chemical control, with little success. Based on the growth characteristics of zucchini and the pathogenesis of the virus disease, the author summarized a set of overwintering technology for integrated control of zucchini virus disease and reduced the incidence of viral disease to less than 5%. The specific prevention and control methods are as follows: 1. After harvesting the crops in the clean garden, the straw, leaves, weeds, etc. remaining in the shed should be cleaned in a timely manner and brought deep outside the shed. Because it contains a large number of aphids, sloughs, fleas, and other pests, is an important way to spread viral disease. This work should be carried out 10 to 15 days before planting in mid-October in order to allow sufficient time for the next high-temperature boring shed. Second, increase organic fertilizer Fertile land, lack of organic fertilizer, weak growth of the squash is vulnerable to viral infection, by increasing the organic fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, improve soil fertility, so that Zucchini plants robust development and enhance disease resistance. After the organic fertilizer is fully decomposed and applied, the application amount per 667 square meters must reach 5 to 8 cubic meters of soil miscellaneous fertilizer and 4 to 5 cubic meters of chicken manure. Third, the high temperature stuffy shed in the summer before planting or planting the zucchini 10 to 15 days, the plastic film is put on the shed, spraying dichlorvos, chlorothalonil and other insecticides and fungicides, and then sealed plastic film 7 to 10 days, so sunny The temperature in the noon shed can reach above 55°C, and the effect of the drug can kill a variety of pests and germs in the shed. Fourth, the agent soaked before sowing, can be used 0.5% potassium permanganate solution soak 10 to 15 minutes, through the strong oxidation of drugs can passivate the virus, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing disease occurrence. V. The timing of sowing and sowing time has a great relationship with the occurrence of squash virus disease. Practice has shown that the earlier the onset of sowing, the heavier the incidence, the onset of late sowing is lighter. Overwintering squash for cultivation of zucchini, if not shaded with seedlings such as shade nets, the sowing date is appropriate from October 5 to October 10. The early onset of viral disease is serious, resulting in serious losses. If sowing is too late, the squash will be delayed and affect the effectiveness. 6. If the live crops in greenhouses are pulled out of the greenhouse, they can be bred in time. They can be seedling-free. They are broadcast live in greenhouses on October 1 to 5, and the incidence of zucchini virus disease in the sheds that are broadcast live in the shed compared to the same period sowing and transplanting. low. The reason is that when the outside light is strong and the air temperature is high, the plastic film has the effect of shading and cooling (must open the front and rear air vents, large ventilation), a cool, moist microclimate is formed inside the shed; second, live zucchini is not Need to transplant, the root system is not damaged, reducing the chance of transmission. Live seedlings of zucchini seedlings are prone to leggy, and they can be sprayed with 100 ml/kg of paclobutrazol once every 5 to 6 leaves of the seedlings and at the flowering stage. VII. The shade during seedling stage covers the time of virus infestation of zucchini mainly in seedling stage. Seedling stage is susceptible to high temperature above 25°C, and the longer it takes to suffer from high temperature, the heavier the disease. When the seedlings were infected with the virus, they did not show symptoms at that time. Generally, they showed virus symptoms such as leaf shrinkage and plant dwarfing until the flowering results. The incubation period was 20 to 25 days. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of Zucchini seedlings is often neglected. In the whole seedling stage of the summer squash from the emergence to the planting, the implementation of shade cover is a very effective method to prevent and control the virus of the squash. Covers available shade nets, old plastic film, grasshoppers and so on. The principle of coverage is: when the ambient light intensity is high, the coverage density is increased; the weak light temperature is low, and the coverage density is reduced, so that the growth of the seedlings is under the environmental conditions of 22 to 25°C. In this way, the sowing date for overwintering squash can be advanced to around September 28, and the incidence of viral diseases is generally below 5%. 8. Watering at the Seedling Stage During the seedling stage of Zucchini, drought and high soil temperature on the seedbed are also the main factors inducing the occurrence of viral diseases. The tests showed that timely watering at the seedling stage and maintaining the soil moisture had a greater effect on preventing the occurrence of viral diseases. While watering, pay attention to spraying 100 ml/kg of paclobutrazol or auxin on the seedlings when they are 5 to 6 leaves. This will not only prevent leggy seedlings, but also increase the yield of summer squash. Nine, chemical prevention and control Chemicals prevention and control should also be carried out as soon as possible, from the seedling stage, with 500 times the enemy to irrigate the roots, spray, can also be used antitoxic agent No. 1 300 to 400 times Irrigation, spray, to passivate the virus and improve the plant The antiviral ability.
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