Now that July has been entered, the country will be ushering in the hottest period of heat, and all kinds of fruits and vegetables in summer will also face the severe test of high temperature and strong light. So, what are the direct high temperature physiological obstacles that the high temperature and strong light weather in summer will cause to the grown vegetables? What measures should vegetable farmers take to alleviate or overcome the high temperature physiological obstacles that often occur in vegetables?
Harm to vegetables caused by high temperature in summer
The normal development of all kinds of fruits and vegetables requires an optimal temperature environment. If the temperature is too high, it will cause problems such as root growth and malabsorption of the fruits and vegetables, weak seedlings and weak seedlings. In addition, different types of fruits and vegetables have certain differences in high temperature tolerance and low temperature tolerance. If the growth temperature exceeds the maximum temperature or the minimum temperature, physiological growth obstacles will occur, and in severe cases, dead trees will occur.
In terms of high-temperature growth obstacles caused by high-temperature environments, when the temperature in the summer shed is in a high-temperature environment of 35 to 40 degrees for a long time, it will be difficult or not to germinate after the seeds of fruits and vegetables are sown. The seedlings will appear to have strong stems and leaves, weak yellow seedlings and early bolting. When fruits and vegetables are exposed to unprotected high-temperature and strong light environment for 40 degrees or more for a long time, it will lead to the rapid death of the injured fruits and vegetables.
Method for alleviating high-temperature physiological obstacles in vegetables
1. Low temperature germination should be carried out before sowing
For the fruits and vegetables planted in summer and autumn, some seeds may be difficult to germinate, hard to emerge, and unevenly emerge after the seeds are sown in the hot weather environment of 35 to 38 degrees and above in summer. Therefore, it is recommended that vegetable farmers first germinate the seeds at low temperature before sowing, and then sowing.
2. Choose types or varieties of fruits and vegetables with good heat resistance, and plant them in a reasonable manner
It is recommended that vegetable farmers choose early-maturing varieties with high heat resistance and high temperature resistance. At the same time, when planting low-growing fruits and vegetables in the early stage, try to interplant them with high-stem crops or shelves of fruits and vegetables.
3. Covering between fields and rows to prevent soil heat damage to the roots of fruits, vegetables and vegetables
For the fruits and vegetables grown in the open field in summer, vegetable farmers can cover the bare surface of the field with crushed straw, straw, etc., which can not only prevent the high temperature of the soil from harming the roots of the crop, but also improve the soil water retention and reduce the evaporation of surface soil moisture. the amount.
4. Strengthen water and fertilizer supply and ventilation management, and cultivate strong plants with strong resistance to heat and high temperature
In water and fertilizer management, no matter what kind of fruits and vegetables are planted, watering and topdressing should be carried out in a timely, timely and reasonable manner according to the actual growth of the seedlings, different growth stages and weather conditions.
When ventilating in high-temperature weather in summer, pay attention to opening both the upper and lower air outlets, but pay attention to adding a windshield at the lower air outlet to prevent the external cold wind from directly blowing the leaves or fruit surface of the fruits and vegetables after entering the shed. Induces abrupt wilting of leaves or cracking of young fruit.
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