1. Choose a land to build a garden
Guava tree joyful bogey yin, growth suitable temperature 20-35 °C, the optimum temperature 23-28 °C. Therefore, the guava tree is most suitable for planting in open areas where sheltered winds and sunny, less frost are found in tropical and subtropical regions. Guava has a strong adaptability to the soil and performs well on sand, clay, and karst soils. Especially in soils with deep soil, organic matter, loose soil, slightly acidic soil (pH 5.5-6.5), high humidity and good drainage and irrigation.
2. Select excellent seedlings
At present, guava seedlings on the seedling market are more messy and have uneven quality. In order to ensure the quality of seedlings, it is recommended that growers purchase seedlings from reputable scientific research units or seedling companies. For grafted seedlings, local guava and Thai guava should be used as rootstock. The interface was evenly distributed on the upper and lower part of the grafting interface, and the grafting site was 15-20mm above the stem height, the stem diameter was greater than or equal to 0.7em at 2cm below the rootstock interface, and the stem diameter at the 3cm above the grafted interface was greater than or equal to 0.04em. The trunk is thick and straight, the seedling height is 40-60cm, and there are 2-3 branches above the l level. The branches are evenly distributed. The growth is robust, the leaves are dark green, and the roots are well developed. No pests are harmed.
3. Planting time and methods
Usually planted in the spring (February-April), the spacing between the rows is 3m (3-4m), and the planting density is 840-1275 fir k/hm2. Digging pits before planting, length, width of about 100cm, depth of about 80cm, mixed with decomposed organic fertilizer and topsoil mud back to the pit. The planting layer is made of mature soil and the roots cannot be exposed to fertilizer. Should not be deep (consistent with the nursery), compaction of the earth, piers, trimming the tree (20-30 cm above the ground), watering and rooting. Special attention should be paid to the application of thin fertilizers after the emerging sprout leaves are ripe.
4. Fertilization management
Guava results in long time and high yield, so the consumption of nutrients is rapid. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the application of organic fertilizers. Apply 2-3 times a year. The type of guava should be different each time to prevent the lack of trace elements and affect the yield. Quality; Fertilizer as topdressing, the initial stage of growth is mainly nitrogen fertilizer. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were supplemented; the results were later supplemented with compound fertilizers as appropriate depending on the tree vigor and the amount of fruit-bearing. Methods can be used hole, applicator or ditch.
5. Moisture management
Guava can bear fruit all year round. Therefore, to maintain adequate water supply, special attention should be paid to irrigation in the fall and winter seasons, and supplements should be performed around 10 days until mature harvest. In the rainy season, we must pay attention to drainage to prevent water from causing fruit drop and reduce quality and flavor.
6. Pruning
Set dry at 40-50em from the ground to promote sprouting of lateral buds, retaining 6-8 as the main branch in the future. When each main branch grows to about 30cm, use the rope or bamboo strip to guide each main branch to the four-sided extension. 45. . Or close to the level, to promote the emergence of buds under the bud, flowering results, when the new shoots grow to about 30cm and then with the topping, so the cycle operation. When the branches within the tree are too dense or too tall, the excessive and too dense branches should be cut off in order to maintain the even distribution of the branches within the crown and promote the budding and flowering.
7. Thinning and bagging
After the Xiehua fruit grows to a diameter of about 3cm, it is advisable to remove bad and excessive fruit, keep 1~2 fruits per branch according to tree nutrients and fruiting conditions, and then cover it with foam nets and plastic bags. To keep the skin beautiful, delicate and prevent pests and diseases.
8. Prevention and control of major diseases and pests
8.1 Anthrax is sprayed with 800-1000 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl, or 1,000 times of protection power, sprayed once every 7 days, and sprayed three times.
8.2 Bacterial blight is sprayed with 600 times of polysulfide suspending agent, or copper oxychloride suspension agent and chlorothalonil 1000 times solution, sprayed 2-3 times successively, and sprayed once every 10 to 11 days.
8.3 The algae spot was sprayed with 600 times copper oxychloride suspension.
8.4 scale insects cut off severe victim burned shoots and sprayed 2 or 3 times with a 2,000-fold dilution of the whole garden, or sprayed with 2,000-fold dilution of liquid and imidacloprid 1500 times.
8.5 Aphid spraying 2000 times of imidacloprid 2-3 times during the shoot growth can effectively control the aphid damage.
8.6-foot moths and leaf roller moths were sprayed with 800-fold emulsion of Le Siben EC or 1.2200 times of beta-cypermethrin.
8.7 Knot nematodes Emphysema EC 2000 times + phoxim EC 1000 times to root, depending on the size of the plant, 2-4 kg per strain, continuous 2-3 times. Or in the 7d after planting with phoxim 800 times solution and avermectin 2000 times mixed planting application site, separated by 15d and then the second time, can effectively prevent the nematode damage.
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