The area of ​​mulberry garden in Tonglu County is more than 2 133.33hm2. The main areas occupy a very important position in the agricultural economy and are a major source of income for farmers in the region. With the development of social economy, the economic and industrial structure has undergone great changes. For the sericulture industry, the biggest problem currently facing is the decline in relative efficiency, which has become a common concern of the majority of sericulture workers. Under the circumstance of the sluggish market, it is very important to carry out interplanting crops in winter leisure mulberry garden, comprehensively utilize land resources, improve the overall benefit of mulberry garden per unit area, increase the income of silkworm farmers, stabilize the mood of silkworm farmers, and realize the sustainable development of sericulture industry. significance.
Considering the impact on the production of mulberry trees and the economic benefits of the products, in 2008, the author instructed silkworm farmers in the watershed town of Tonglu County to plant mustard greens in the mulberry garden. The general income is about 12,000 yuan/hm2. Mustard has less stringent requirements on soil and can be cultivated in a variety of soils. The mulberry seeding mustard has improved the overall benefit of the mulberry garden area and the income of the silkworm farmer; saved the management cost of the mulberry garden, and plowed and fertilized before planting the winter, omitting the winter ploughing and winter fertilizer of the mulberry garden, as long as the spring season The application of germination fertilizer can reduce the mulberry weeds; improve the soil texture and fertility of mulberry gardens. After harvesting, the old leaves and rhizomes of the mustard can be reserved for mulberry green manure, and the spring combined with germination fertilizer can be turned into the soil. The soil of mulberry garden becomes black and loose, reduces weeds in mulberry fields, promotes the growth of mulberry trees, and improves the quality of mulberry leaves. The cultivation techniques of mulberry seedlings must be introduced as follows.
Sowing
Mustard has a cool and humid climate. Therefore, it is mainly planted in autumn when growing, and it is grown in autumn and winter, and harvested in winter or the second year of spring, that is, in September. The mustard seeds are small, and the seedbed soil should be fine. Choosing loose and fertile semi-shade mulberry seedlings is conducive to improving the survival rate of seedlings. After removing the weeds, the human and animal manure 15t/hm2 was applied, and after shallow sputum, the calcium phosphate noodle fertilizer 300 kg/hm2, the potassium chloride 225kg/hm2, the ammonium bicarbonate 225kg/hm2 was applied, and the mud was mixed with the cockroach. The clods are neatly and leveled, and then sown after sowing. [1]. When the early autumn is broadcast, due to the hot climate, the amount of sowing may be more appropriate; in late autumn (after mid-September), due to mild temperatures, it may be less appropriate. Generally, the amount of seed is 750-1 500 g/hm2.
2. Transplanting
Mustard seedlings 5-6 pieces of true leaves, seedling height of about 15cm can be transplanted and planted. 1d in the evening before the seedlings, the seedbed will be poured with enough water to make the seedlings less likely to be damaged. When planting, it should be selected on cloudy or sunny days after 4 pm to ensure that the seedlings mature quickly and shorten the slowing time. Before planting, first open the hole according to the row spacing, then transplant the seedlings with soil into the hole, immediately cover the root system with fine soil, and gently press the soil to make the soil and roots better contact, so that the roots can absorb water. And nutrients [2]. Generally transplanted in batches in late October or early November, and seedlings are added 5-7 days after transplanting. At this time, the late autumn silkworms in Tonglu County have ended. The time is just the same. After the harvesting of the mulberry leaves, the organic fertilizer is applied once again before the transplanting, which is used as the winter fertilizer for mulberry trees and the base fertilizer for mustard, which is beneficial to spring mulberry. Increased leaf yield and mustard growth. The base fertilizer is applied to the manure and manure 22.5t/hm2, and the soil is turned into the soil in combination with the soil. In addition, 375 kg/hm2 of superphosphate is applied into the planting ditch and mixed with the soil.
3. Field management
Leaf mustard is served with its whole leaves, and nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer. After colonization, use the diluted manure water plus urea 30-45kg/hm2 dilution to apply the seedling fertilizer, and then apply 3-4 times of fertilizer along with its growth condition, first light and then thick, first light and heavy Principle of topdressing. Mustard cultivated in early autumn, due to the high temperature in the early stage, fast growth, timely topdressing, especially for early maturing varieties can not be lack of fertilizer. For varieties that are sown before and after Bailu (early September), the heavy fertilizer application period should be from late October to early November. It is not advisable to apply top dressing in cold regions in winter, otherwise it will be vulnerable to freezing damage. Stop topdressing and watering before harvesting to avoid excessive moisture content and affect quality. Root vegetables should be grounded when mustard is planted. In the winter and rainy season, depending on the soil drought, water management can be done in combination with topdressing [3, 4]. After transplanting, the grass weeds can be sprayed with high-efficiency grass cover or finely stabilized, and the dicotyledon weeds can be manually removed.
4. Pest control
The disease of mustard vegetables is not very serious, mainly viral diseases and downy mildew, and viral diseases are mainly spread by the damage of aphids, so attention should be paid to the control of aphids. The medicament can be sprayed and controlled by using imidacloprid, acetamiprid or the like. Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance plant resistance has a certain effect on reducing the harm of viral diseases. Downy mildew is mainly sprayed with mancozeb or chlorothalonil [5]. The foliar pests mainly include Spodoptera litura, which can be sprayed with avermectin or a vitamin salt to prevent pests. Sex, the drugs should be used interchangeably.
5. Harvest
The harvesting time should be suitable for the market demand. Generally, it can be harvested from November to April, and it is suitable for harvesting in sunny afternoon. Spring silkworms in Tonglu County are generally raised at the end of April, and the time just coincides.
Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone
Nitrile Coated Gloves,Bule Nitrile Coated Gloves,Nitrile Gloves With Jersey Lined,Heavy Duty Nitrile Gloves
JINAN SHANDE SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD , https://www.sdsxlb.com