Taro is rich in nutrients, has the effect of clearing away heat and detoxifying, strengthening the spleen and strengthening the stomach. Many people like to eat it. It tastes soft and mellow, and it tastes mellow. It can be used as both a dish and a staple food. Its edible value and medicinal value are compared. high. There are also many farmers who are planting taro. The taro has fewer pests and diseases, and the growth period is also long. After planting, it can also be used as a green plant. Today, Xiaobian talks about the cultivation techniques of taro.
1. Soil preparation and fertilization
Taro should generally be rotated for more than three years, but it cannot be rotated with crops such as potatoes and ginger that require more potassium and are more likely to cause underground pests. For heavy land that cannot be dumped, implement deep tillage before winter, add organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, kill insecticide and enhance plant resistance to reduce the harm of heavy mites. 30-35 cm deep drying before winter or early spring can make the soil loose, breathable, and protect the ground, and can effectively prevent underground pests.
Before planting, apply base fertilizer according to the ground force: medium fertility plot, using 4000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 30 kg of urea, 45 kg of superphosphate, 30 kg of potassium sulfate, 50 kg of bone powder, 1.5 kg of borax, 2.5 kg of zinc sulfate; High-fermentation plots, 3000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 20 kg of urea, 20 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, 50 kg of bone powder, 1.5 kg of borax, 3.5 kg of zinc sulfate.
2, variety selection and seed preparation
According to the ecological type, the Shantou variety is divided into two types: leeches and marmots. All localities should choose suitable varieties for cultivation according to market demand and geographical conditions.
From the robust plants in the disease-free plots, choose the seedlings in the middle of the female pupa. Generally, 40-50 grams of seedlings should be used, and the seed amount per acre is 100-150 kilograms. Where the growth period is long, smaller species can be used. The multi-headed cockroach is difficult to distinguish because of the mother-in-law, the son-in-law, and the son-in-law.
3. Cultivate strong seedlings
In early spring, the ground temperature is higher than 10 degrees, and it can be broadcast live. The film cover can be planted 15-20 days earlier than the live broadcast. It is recommended to carry out germination before sowing, and it can be germinated by using a hotbed or a cold bed 15-20 days before the suitable planting period. The seedbed should be selected in the high-lying terrain, leeward sunny, and the bed body is elongated. The selected seedlings are arranged in the germination bed in two layers, and the thickness is generally 10-15 cm to limit the depth of the root group, which is beneficial to transplanting. The upper cover layer is 2 cm thick and fine sand, and then poured over 40-45 degrees of warm water to keep the seed layer moist. The bed temperature is controlled at 20-25 degrees, and it can germinate in 10-15 days. When the bud is 1-2 cm long, you can pick disease-free, robust seed buds for sowing. When starting the seedlings, pry the bed soil from the seedbed-side, start the seedlings in order, and do not hurt the roots. Cover the film after sowing to ensure that the seedlings are full of seedlings.
4, timely planting
It is recommended to use deep ditch cultivation. The row spacing is recommended to be 70-80 cm, and the ditch depth is about 20 cm. Before planting, a part of chemical fertilizer can be applied as a base fertilizer in the ditch. The plant spacing is 25-30 cm, and 3000-3500 plants per acre are planted. When transplanting, the common axillary buds are planted upwards, but in the wet place, the seedlings should be placed horizontally in the ditch, and the top buds are on the side. The base of the new carp is less connected with the seedlings, and it is not easy to cause new plants to rot after drying. The depth of the covering soil is not suitable for the cover, and the buds are slightly exposed, generally 3-5 cm. After the leeches are applied to the base fertilizer, the water is 3-5 cm, and the sputum is not sputum, and it can be planted in the soil according to the plant spacing.
5, field management
1 scientific fertilization
The seedling stage grows slowly, requires less fertilizer, and the seedling can provide nutrients for seedling growth. Therefore, a small amount of thin fertilizer can be applied as a seedling fertilizer to promote root growth. The hair growth period and the bulb growth period are combined with the soil and fertilizer for 3-4 times.
For the first time, when the first true leaves of the seedlings are unfolded, deep cultivating is carried out to increase the ground temperature, and 20 kg of urea per acre is applied. When the plant height is 50 cm and there are 3-4 leaves, the second cultivating is carried out, and the top dressing is applied again. 50 kg of cake fertilizer per acre (or 50-100 kg of bio-organic fertilizer) and 25 kg of compound fertilizer.
At a plant height of 1 m, the third top dressing is carried out before the closure, 25 kg of compound fertilizer per acre or high-potassium humus is applied in combination with watering, and potassium fertilizer is added to promote the formation and accumulation of bulb starch. Yield and quality. The amount of topdressing is increased one by one, and the fertilizer with long-lasting fertilization effect when cultivating soil is ridged, 25-30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre. If the soil is deficient in potassium, 20-30 kg of potassium sulfate can be applied per acre. The time for topdressing is appropriate in mid-July, no later than in early August.
2 reasonable watering
Taro is a wet crop, avoiding drought, but the accumulation of water in the field is not good for root growth, and it should be drained in time after rain. If the soil bottom is sufficient before emergence, avoid watering, otherwise the ground temperature will be lowered, and the hair root emergence will be affected. The bulbous species will be mildewed and the growth level will be slow in the seedling stage. Moisture management should adopt dry and wet alternating method, multi-sales, increase ground temperature, and is conducive to rooting. The hair growth period and the bulb growth period are high, the temperature is high, the leaf surface transpiration is strong, the underground ball is forming and expanding, the water demand is large, and the root absorption capacity is weak. It should be watered 5-6 times according to the weather, conditional Can be combined with irrigation for filling or 1-2 times. Pay attention to timely weeding and weeding after watering.
3 cultivating soil
Cultivation should be carried out to prevent the occurrence of barley. In the open field, the head is cut, and in the seedling stage, the top dressing is combined with the top dressing to carry out the cultivating and weeding, and the soil temperature is raised, and the soil temperature is maintained. Generally, the soil is cultivated 2~3 times, once every 20 days, and the thickness is 5~7 cm. The soil can be combined with the cultivating of the cultivating grass, and the soil should be evenly distributed around the soil every time. The seedlings of the scorpion of the scorpion are easy to sprout and the soil is made to grow longer, and the cultivating soil can be combined with the cultivating soil to cover the leaves.
The above is the planting technique of the taro. After the taro is fully mature, the leaves can be harvested before the frost falls. The planting taro in the open areas in the north is generally harvested in early October. Friends who like to eat gimmicks can also plant a little at home. The hoe is heavy in the potted plants and can be watched.
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