The proportion of ewes in the flock is relatively large. Therefore, the reproductive capacity of the ewes directly determines the economic benefits of the farm. However, in the process of breeding the ewes, it often happens that the placenta does not fall. The placenta does not mean the ewes. The fetal membrane cannot be discharged within a normal period of time after delivery, and the membrane is completely or partially retained in the uterus. Fetal dressing often leads to other diseases such as endometritis, uterine empyema, etc., causing the ewes to cause reproductive failure or not to breed and cause economic losses to the farm.
 First, the clinical symptoms and diagnostic points of the ewes' placenta
1, clinical symptoms
Clinical examination revealed that part of the placenta hangs outside the vulva or remains in the uterus. The sick sheep is manifested by the back arching and often accompanied by blame, and the blame may sometimes cause the uterus to escape. If the placenta can be completely discharged within 14 hours, no complications will occur. If it exceeds the 1d placenta, corruption will occur, especially when the climate is hot. The carcass spoilage products often cause ewes poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning are loss of appetite, rapid breathing, rising body temperature, lack of energy, lowering or stopping lactation, and discharge of brownish discharge with malodor from the vagina. Because the compression of the vaginal mucosa of the placenta may cause necrosis of the vagina, it may often be complicated by tetanus, septicemia, chronic inflammation of the uterus or vagina. If the diseased ewes do not have a dead placenta, they usually rot and fall off within 5 to 10 days. Generally, goats are more sensitive to the placenta than sheep.
2, diagnosis points
The diseased ewes showed blame, loss of appetite, poor spirit, elevated body temperature to 41~42 °C, shortness of breath, and happy lying. The placenta persisted in spites and spoiled from the vagina with a foul red discharge with a grayish white uncorrupted placenta fragment. When the whole placenta is not retained, part of the placenta is exposed from the vagina to the ankle joint of the hind limb.
 Second, the cause of morbidity of the ewes and preventive measures
1. Maternal factors
Ewes are old and weak, too fat or too thin, less fetal water, too large fetus, etc., which can easily lead to the occurrence of fetal clothes. The uterus contraction ability caused by multiple births, miscarriage, dystocia, etc. is also easy to cause the placenta, pregnancy Insufficient exercise in the ewes will reduce productivity and lead to postpartum fetal clothing. Premature birth of the placenta is not easy to cause the placenta, so fetal premature birth is also one of the maternal factors.
Control measures: increase the amount of exercise and light of the pregnant ewes to enhance the ewes' body constitution, so that the ewes' body functions are in a good state of smooth production.
2, nutritional factors
Reproductive performance has strict requirements on feed nutrition. When nutrient deficiency is first affected, it is reproductive function. The nutritional conditions required for ewes to maintain normal reproductive performance are more stringent than those of rams. The lack of minerals in the feed of ewes during pregnancy, especially the lack of calcium and phosphorus, leads to a weak uterus contraction during production and a loss of placenta. The lack or deficiency of vitamins in the feed during pregnancy, especially the lack of vitamin A, can also cause the postpartum of the ewes to remain.
Control measures: strengthen the feeding management of pregnant ewes and add more green feed in the middle and late pregnancy, especially in the autumn and winter seasons should increase the amount of carotene and vitamin A. Increasing the amount of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus keeps the pregnant ewes in good condition before labor.
3. Disease factors
If the pregnant ewes suffer from bacterial diseases such as tuberculosis, brucellosis, streptococcus and salmonellosis, inflammation of the endometrium or membrane may occur. Among them, the disease caused the sheep's breasts and the blastoderm to cause abortion. The inflammation and swelling of the uterine mucosa cause the villi to be fixed in the cavity and cannot be removed; the inflammation of the membrane causes the villus to swell and adhere to the uterine mucosa, and even if the uterus has sufficient contraction force, it is not easy to detach.
Control measures: Regularly quarantine the ewes to prevent brucellosis and tuberculosis. It is best to develop a stable flock of sheep from the self-cultivation, do a good job of cleaning and do vaccination work. Appropriate amount of health care drugs in the feed to enhance immunity to prevent damage and infection of the reproductive system by bacteria such as streptococcus and salmonella.
Third, the treatment of ewes without fetal clothes
1, drug treatment
Injecting the antibiotic solution into the uterus prevents the placenta from spoiling and leaving the placenta to fall off on its own. At the same time, oxytocin is injected subcutaneously and the uterus is washed with warm saline, and the forelimb of the sheep is lifted to remove the liquid in the uterus. It can be supplemented with Chinese medicine method and add biochemical soup. It can be mixed with honeysuckle and forsythia when the body temperature rises. Put 300mL vinegar in the pot and burn it with a small iron block into the vinegar pot. After forming the vinegar steam, put it under the nostril of the ewes to inhale it. Repeating 3~10 times can alleviate the placenta.
2, surgical treatment
At present, the method of peeling off the placenta after injecting high-concentration saline and antibiotics has received good results, but it should be noted that direct stripping of the placenta should be avoided within 7 days after delivery, and only direct peeling of the placenta is not tight or only partial adhesion is easily peeled off; If the placenta is completely sturdy, the adhesion is tight, and it is not easy to peel off, it cannot be hard-peeled, otherwise it may cause uterine mucosal damage and bleeding. The genital area and the operator's arm are thoroughly disinfected. After the hand enters the uterus, the necrotic detached placenta is removed and the placenta still attached to the uterus should not be removed. If only a few placenta adheres and the fetal chorion is easily separated from the parent meat, the placenta should be completely removed; if the adhesion is more adherent or fresh blood is present due to trauma during surgery, the procedure should be abandoned.
Method: After preparing and disinfecting the diseased sheep, hold the placenta with one hand and feed the other hand into the rubber tube, and inject the potassium permanganate solution (1:10 000) into the uterus. The hand is inserted into the child, the chorion is peeled off from the mother cotyledon, and finally the antibiotic or antiseptic disinfectant such as oxytetracycline or 0.2% procaine solution is infused intrauterine. Care should be taken when peeling off. If the cotyledon is damaged, it will cause a lot of bleeding and open the door for microorganisms, which may cause serious systemic symptoms.
Breeding households to strengthen feeding management, quarantine vaccination and prevention work are all conducive to improving the performance of ewes. Using scientific feeding methods can effectively reduce feed cost and improve reproductive efficiency. Only do the above ewes management work. In order to bring economic benefits to farmers.
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