I think most people know that Botrytis cinerea and leaf mold are common diseases, but they are more harmful to tomatoes, and they are similar in some cases. Most farmers are easy to mix, and the following is a small series. Talk about specific gray mold and leaf mold identification methods.
Gray mold, leaf mold, VS hazard characteristics
Botrytis cinerea can cause damage to flowers, fruits, leaves and stems.
Fruit-affected fruit is the most serious disease, which is caused by residual flowers and receptacles, and spreads to the fruit or fruit stalk. The peel turns into an off-white water-soaked shape, then softens and rots, and the rotten fruit grows in a gray mold layer, and the fruit loses water and produces a stiff fruit.
Leaf lesions mostly expand from the edge into a V-shape, initially water-soaked, light brown, irregular edges with deep and shallow wheel patterns, long gray mold, severe leaves die.
Stem infection, initially water-soaked small spots, after the growth of elliptical or long-striped spots, the humidity grows out of the gray-brown mold layer, and gradually die. Tomato leaf mold This disease is a disease of leaves, sometimes also harmful to stems, flowers and fruits.
The leaves are infected and the leaves have irregular or elliptical light yellow spots.
The white fungus layer of the leaf back is also connected to each other into a piece, and the color changes from white to grayish purple or dark green.
The fruit lesions are mostly around the fruit stalk, the fruit surface turns black, and the fruit becomes hard and concave. Similarities and differences between gray mold and leaf mold
Similarity
The incidence conditions are similar: the two diseases are severely affected in the early spring when the temperature is low and rainy, continuous rainy or plum rainy. The location of the disease is similar: both the diseased leaves and the leaf back will produce mildew.
difference
The main hazard parts are different: tomato gray mold mainly harms tomato fruit, while tomato leaf mold mainly harms tomato leaves. The symptoms of leaf damage are different: the leaves of Botrytis cinerea are mostly from the tip of the leaf or the edge of the leaf, forming a distinct "V"-shaped plaque with a gray mold layer on the surface. When wet, the surface of the lesion also produces gray or gray-green mold layer. The leaves of tomato leaf mold are mostly infected from the middle and lower leaves, and the upper leaves develop, and irregular circular or elliptical yellowish chlorotic spots are formed on the front of the leaves, the edges are not obvious, and the back of the leaves appears grayish to black. The brown dense layer of mildew turns into purple-gray or dark gray to black or yellow-brown in the later stage. In severe cases, the leaves of the whole plant are yellow-brown and dry, and when the disease is serious, the leaves of the whole plant can be curled. The symptoms of fruit damage are different: when the fruit of tomato gray mold is infested, the pathogen is infested from the residual petals, pistil flower, torus, etc., and gradually spreads to the fruit and fruit stalk. The skin of the diseased part is grayish and watery, softening. Rotten, wet spots, gray-brown amorphous spots, gradually developed into wet rot, from the sac part to the surrounding development, can make more than 1/3 of the fruit rot, the disease minister out of a layer of gray hairy mold. When the fruit of tomato leaf mold is onset, black round or irregular plaques are formed near the fruit stalk or on the fruit surface, and the hardened depression (characteristic) is inedible. The disease conditions are different: tomato gray mold disease has strict requirements on humidity, and it is easy to develop under high humidity conditions; tomato leaf mold disease is easy to be ill under high temperature and high humidity environment.
Chemical control
Botrytis cinerea: 50% keering WP 1500-2000 times solution, 40% polysulfur suspension 400 times solution, 50% phorhin WP 1000-1500 times solution, 70% methyl thiophanate 800~ 1000 times liquid, etc. Spray once every 7 to 10 days, and spray continuously for 3 to 4 times. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that germs are prone to drug resistance. Therefore, the same agent cannot be used during a growth period, and the above drugs need to be rotated. When cultivated in protected fields, 3% thiabendazole aerosol can be used to smoke 50 grams per 100 cubic meters. Or use 45% chlorothalonil aerosol, 10% scopolamine aerosol, 250 grams of smoke per 667 square meters. It can also be sprayed with 5% chlorothalonil dust or 10% keeling dust, 1 kg per 667 square meters. Whether it is fumigation or dusting, the shelter should be closed overnight after the evening application. All kinds of medicines should be rotated.
Leaf mold: spray 58% of the metalaxyl WP 1000 times solution on the onset; 47% ruinong wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times solution; 70% methyl thiophanate WP 800 times solution; 10% High-water dispersible granules 1500 times solution; once every 7 to 10 days, continuous prevention and treatment 2 to 3 times, pay attention to alternate medication. Fumigation and sterilization of protected area: In the early stage of the disease, you can use 10% chlorothalonil aerosol 300-350 grams, or 30% chlorothalonil smoke agent 200-250 grams. When the greenhouse is closed in the evening, the medicine is evenly placed and then ignited from the inside out. It is usually carried out in the evening, and the next day, the wind is released in time. Use every 10 days. Spraying method: In the early stage of the disease, 5% chlorothalonil dust is 1 kg per mu, and it is prevented once every 10 to 15 days.
Tomatoes are vegetables that people often eat, and there are many people who grow them. The above is the way to distinguish between gray mold and leaf mold of tomato, and how to prevent and cure them.
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