In recent years, apple mosaic disease, rust disease, and vetch virus disease have become more and more serious in fruit trees, causing great losses to the production of fruit trees and affecting the economic benefits of fruit production. This is a problem worth paying attention to.
First, the main symptoms
1. Part of leaves of apple mosaic disease form white patches
2. Rust-like uniform plaque on the skin of apple rust fruit
3, apple blossom face fruit similar to chicken feet or leopard face.
Second, prevention and control measures
1. Agricultural measures:
Select virus-free seedlings; detoxify the stem tips to cultivate virus-free seedlings; kill insects that damage fruit trees and eliminate viruses and insects; use tools in the orchards for high-alcohol, formalin or peracetic acid disinfection; Eradicate weeds around the orchard.
2, the correct fertilization:
Application of organic fertilizer, formula application of inorganic fertilizer (normal growth of fruit trees need to supplement 16 kinds of nutrients, a large number of elements are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium; the amount of elements are: calcium, magnesium, sulfur; trace elements : iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, copper, chlorine). It can increase the tree vigor, ensure the normal growth of fruit trees, increase the resistance to disease and immunity of fruit trees, and reduce the chance of fruit trees becoming infected with virus diseases.
Suggestion: Applying base fertilizer per acre orchard: For plots with a yield of more than 4,000 kg per mu, 200-300 kg of high-quality commercial organic fertilizer, 300-400 kg of compound fertilizer (content 45%), 15 kg of calcium nitrate, and borax should be used per acre. 1 kg, 2 kg of zinc sulphate, 60 kg of calcium, calcium and magnesium fertilizers, these fertilizers are evenly mixed into the orchard, and they are applied to the leaves before harvesting. Application methods are multi-hole method, strip groove, radial groove method.
3, drug control measures:
Under the premise of strengthening the roots of trees, the virus-inhibiting agent ---- detoxification, can prevent and control the symptoms of viral symptoms. In the red period of the fruit tree flower to the bag before the interval of 10 days, even spray three times 1500 times poisoning or branch poison root, can effectively inhibit the performance of the symptoms of the virus.
4, to prevent freezing damage:
The temperature changes in winter and spring in Jiaodong area are intense, and the trees are vulnerable, creating opportunities for virus infection. Spraying more than safe or Tianda 2116 can prevent cold damage and frost damage.
5, shaver tree change:
The virus has a severe tree and it is necessary to plan the tree. The virus on the diseased tree can be transferred through the root system and spread to other robust trees through pruning tools. After the diseased plants are cut, it is a good idea to change the soil under the diseased tree.
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