For the majority of growers, the work of the apple orchards in the spring seems to be very small, but this has become a busy season for some growers who want to plant apple seedlings or improve apple varieties. In this article, microbial fertilizer development expert Jinbao will introduce to you the spring orchard apple planting and grafting notes.
1. Spring apple tree cultivation points
The spring apple trees are planted after thawing in Daejeon, and the apple ends before sprouting. Cultivation mainly includes the following points: The first one is to dig a pit about one meter deep to create good conditions for the rapid growth of the fruit tree roots. If the soil is very viscous, sand and slag can be added to the pit to increase the soil's air permeability. The second is to use about 100 kilograms of farmyard manure in each apple tree (recommended for the use of a professional Garnet fertilizer starter for thorough decomposed fermentation), and mix well with the soil before applying to the pit. It is forbidden to use human excrement and chemical fertilizers before seedlings are planted to prevent burning seedlings. If farmers want to speed up the rooting of fruit trees, it can be combined with the rooting agent to promote rooting. This rooting agent belongs to the biological hormone regulator. The beneficial microorganisms in the bacteria secrete a series of hormones to allow the apple roots to grow quickly. The depth of planting is shallow, and the depth of planting requires the ground to be level with the mating interface. Each fruit tree watered no less than 30 kilograms. Then set the trunk to 60-70 cm.
Carving is carried out 40 days before germination by using a toothed side of a small saw blade to cut a mouth 1 mm above the shoot, the depth of which is to reach the xylem, and 5-7 shoots are carved according to the requirements of plastic surgery. In order to protect the trees, the mound should be sealed. The mound height should be 20-3 cm. When the new roots of seedlings are fixed, the mound can be cleared.
The new apple tree has the following taboos: The Dried Fruit trees are prohibited from painting and other chemical paints, and they must be prevented from blocking the lenticels, covering the buds and damaging the seedlings. All the buds in the year will not be erased. Because of the large number of leaves, the photosynthetic rate of the leaves is increased, which is conducive to the growth of saplings and also facilitates the selection of plastic surgery. Can not interplant other things, do not interplant some crops such as wheat, crops will increase the temperature before the ridge, and compete with the fruit trees to fight water. It is easy to cause the death of fruit trees.
2, spring apple orchard grafting points
Prepare 1- to 2-year-old seedlings (ie rootstocks) and cultivar scions (such as Red Fuji). Tools to prepare bud grafting, pruning shears, paraffin and plastic sheeting. The grafting time is generally before sprouting. If conditions allow the scion to be kept as low as possible, it is well preserved and does not germinate. Grafting can also be postponed until the rootstock has germinated.
The cultivar scion is cut into 2 to 3 buds and the interstock is between 20 and 30 centimeters (not too short to achieve a dwarfing effect. The cultivar scion is cut into two unequal lengths of smooth noodles, and the long side is 2 to 3 In centimeters, the short side is 1 to 2 cm, and then it is cut obliquely downwards at the upper end of the rootstock at 1.5 to 2 cm to a depth of 2/3 of the thickness. The length of the oblique incision is appropriate to the length of the scion noodles, and the cut cultivar scion is appropriate. Quickly insert the incision, be sure to align the formation of the interface, tied with a plastic strip.
The survival rate was checked 20 days after grafting, where the two interfaces were filled with callus, and the cultivar scion bud normal germination was survival. Releasing the tie at this time is good, affecting survival early and affecting growth too late. In order to ensure the rapid growth of cultivated varieties,
Remove the sprout on the rootstock. In the week after grafting, it is not easy to water, and watering should be timely after survival. The seedlings grow to 30 cm or more and can be topdressed to ensure the vigorous growth of seedlings. For details contact Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. Telephone Toll Free
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