Soil moisture status is a key factor in crop root growth and has a decisive impact on crop growth and yield. Winter wheat is an important food crop in northwestern China. Because precipitation is unevenly distributed in time and space, it is important to maintain the moisture resistance of cultivated land during crop growth, improve crop water use efficiency and reduce irrigation quota by irrigating agriculture. Therefore, the soil moisture measurement instrument is used to study the moisture of winter wheat plantation. Distribution has an important role.
Five 5m×50m fields were selected in the field, and the crops were used for soil moisture rapid test. A total of five types of straw mulching and tillage were designed. The models were no-till and stubble, leaving corn pupa 10~15cm, and directly planted; Deeply covered, the depth of ploughing is 35cm, covered with smashed corn stalk after ploughing; traditional covering, ploughing depth is 25cm, the surface layer after ploughing is covered with crushed corn stalk; shallow mulching, covering smashed corn stalk and then ploughing The length of the corn stalk is 5~10cm, and the coverage is the straw yield of the former stalk crop.
The soil moisture peak measured twice by the soil moisture meter, that is, the peak value of the precipitation, the order of the soil moisture values ​​in the five treatments is no-tillage and deep-covering>traditional coverage>shallow rotation coverage> Traditional tillage. The cover tillage mode is more sensitive to precipitation than the traditional tillage mode in the range of 0~50cm depth of crop root density distribution, and can store water in the depth of easy use of crops.
The soil moisture rapid tester showed that the soil moisture in the five tillage tillage patterns showed a downward trend at the depth of 0~50cm. The soil moisture in the traditional cultivated uncovered field decreased the fastest, the shallow rotation covered the second, and the traditional cover fell faster than the deep turn. The no-till stubble soil moisture declines the slowest. The soil moisture peak-to-valley values ​​of the 5~50cm soil cover types in the five cropping tillage patterns corresponded to the peaks and valleys of the rainfall in the study area.
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