Identification of raw herbs
Character identification
The complete spines are mainly thorns and l-2 branches; flat cylindrical, 5-18cm long, 8-12mm thick at the base and sharp at the end; branching thorns spirally arranged at an angle of 60°-80° with the main thorns, Outstretched around, generally about 1-7cm; on the branches and often smaller thorns, the branches of the base of the base is often a small wart-like uplift; the whole purple brown, smooth or fine wrinkles. Lightweight, hard and hard to break. The goods are mostly cut into oblique sheets, generally long needle-shaped, length 2-6cm, width 3-7mm, thickness l-3mm. Often with a pointed spiny tip, the cut xylem is yellow-white, and the central pith is soft and pale red. Brittle, easy to break, odorless. Talk about taste. Thin slices, pure, non-nuclear stems, brown-purple, middle reddish brown, and heart-wrenched are preferred.
Microscopic identification
Cross-section of the thorn: The outermost layer of epidermal cells is stratum corneum. The cortex is thin, and some parenchyma cells contain a small amount of starch grains. There are thick-walled fibers and thick-walled cells in the middle of the plenum. Parenchyma cells often contain calcium oxalate cubes or clusters of crystals. The phloem is crescent-shaped and tiny. The xylem is well developed and consists of woody wood parenchyma cells, fibers and ducts. The wide medullary cavity accounts for more than half of the entire section. Myeloid cells are large and irregular, often combining small amounts of brown matter.
Powder characteristics
Sepia, fibrous.
1 Epidermal cells have brown inclusions and small granular crystals, and pores are visible on the surface.
2 The pleated sheath fibers are mostly broken and yellow, with thick walls, and no obvious cell cavities. Peripheral parenchymal cells contain calcium oxalate crystals with a diameter of 17-22 μm and a cluster diameter of 6-8 μm to form crystalline sheath fibers. Fiber bundles are thick-walled, separated fibers, and thin-walled fibers have a single pit.
3 Wooden parenchyma cells are square or quasi-polygonal and pitted.
4 There are threaded ducts and fragments of the tapered pitted tube scattered.
5 Myeloid cells are large in shape with numerous single-pattern holes.
Drug Application Identification
1. Saponin is a product for attacking and dissolving severe differences. It has no firmness, no breaks, and no delay. It can be used as a guide for stasis, and can be used for atrophy. 2. Outer ulcers have been prominent, when the collapse is not broken, use the saponins to break their heads, to cut on behalf of the knife, the strength of the collapse is quite strong.
Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine
Physical and chemical identification: take this product powder 1g, add ethanol 20ml, set on a water bath reflux 15min, filtered. Take the filtrate lml, add a small amount of magnesium powder and 3-4 drops of hydrochloric acid, red.
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