Pleurotus ostreatus in the cultivation process, often subject to temperature, air humidity, pests and diseases, mushroom house management conditions, etc., and the emergence of large areas of mushroom shrinkage, death phenomenon, seriously affecting the yield and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus, experts suggest that into the autumn, Due to the large temperature difference between day and night, the temperature fluctuation is obvious, and it is easy to affect the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. Therefore, the oyster mushroom must be carefully managed at this time.
Multiple causes of death
Li Manxia, ​​a former researcher at the Vegetable and Flower Research Institute of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, believes that variety, temperature, and humidity are all important factors affecting the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. It is necessary to identify the cause of the death of Pleurotus ostreatus and take timely measures to prevent and control the loss of Pleurotus ostreatus.
1. Strains are not adapted to environmental conditions Pleurotus ostreatus varieties, according to the type of temperature can be divided into high-temperature type, high temperature type, high temperature wide type, etc., to obtain high quality and high yield of mushroom, correct selection of species is very important. Such as rushing in the summer fruiting, when the temperature is higher, but the strains are low temperature or moderate temperature type, it is easy due to bacteria can not adapt to cause dead mushrooms.
2. Temperatures fluctuate in a short period of time. In early autumn, temperatures tend to fluctuate in the short term. External temperature rises to about 30°C, which is conducive to vegetative growth of Pleurotus ostreatus and impedes reproductive growth of fruiting bodies. Bacterial cover will gradually wither, resulting in the death of small mushrooms or mushroom buds. It is also easy to cause widespread death.
3. Severe decrease in humidity caused by strong winds If ventilation is not appropriate in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms, high winds will often lead to a decrease in humidity within the shed. When the air relative humidity in the shed is lower than 80%, the wilts will die due to lack of water.
4. Spraying water excessively During the expansion of the fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus, if the water spray is too much, it may cause edema, and the body will become yellow and ulcerated, and it will also be susceptible to bacterial death.
Take measures to ensure production
1. Choose a good strain to control the temperature should pay attention to select the appropriate temperature strain according to the mushroom season, summer mushroom, should choose the high temperature strains, winter mushroom, the choice of low-temperature strains. When the temperature is high, cover thickness can be increased on the shed of the mushroom and water can be sprayed on the top of the roof to reduce the temperature. In case of sudden cooling, heat preservation measures should be taken to prevent excessive cold wind from entering the mushroom shed under the condition of ensuring ventilation.
2. Correct ventilation and humidification Pleurotus ostreatus production process, we must pay attention to timely ventilation, and hang a thin cloth curtain at the vent, when the high temperature ventilation to the curtain spray water, the dry hot wind into hot and humid wind, scrape dry hot wind Ventilate as little as possible, and keep the relative humidity of the air in the mushroom shed at around 80%. When young larvae must diligently spray water mist with cold water, and synchronize with ventilation.
3. Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases When temperatures are high, germs and some pests are prone to breeding, and prevention and control should be the focus of prevention. Spray in strict accordance with the prescribed concentration and use as little as possible. It is best to screw screens at the vents to prevent pests such as mushrooms from moving. The buds and mushrooms are removed in time and the contaminated bag is removed from the shed. When the temperature is low, pests and diseases do not easily occur, mainly to prevent pests and diseases in the culture materials.
"In high temperature weather, temperature and relative humidity have a great influence on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, so controlling the environment within the mushroom house is an important part of ensuring the production of Pleurotus ostreatus," said Li Manxia.
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