Recently, the experts and staff of the China Rural Technical Association visited some of the farms and farmers in the towns of Hanchuan, Tianmen and Shayang in Hubei Province and the cotton producing towns in Wuhan City to learn about the development of cotton production. It is understood that for the next year's cotton planting area, some preparations will be reduced, some basic stability, and some are still waiting to see, the overall trend is a steady decrease. For the choice of cotton varieties, some farmers are prepared, some are very casual, look at what kind of varieties others buy what they buy, and some see this year's cotton reduction plans to use the second generation cotton seed, and some farmers to cotton There are doubts of this kind or else, and we will now discuss the relevant issues for the reference of farmers' friends.
I. Why did the production of the same cotton species increase after the year?
Reflecting more, some cotton varieties introduced by the seed industry not only increased production in the current year, but also showed stable and increased production in the following years; while some cotton varieties introduced by the seed industry performed well in the first year and the output was unstable in the second year. The year will reduce production. The former is a specialized breeder institution in the seed industry, a stable scientific researcher, and attaches great importance to the preservation and renewal of the variety traits, and the centralized and uniform seed production, which has improved the stability. Many kinds of seed production and seed production are scattered among different farmers. In the first year, a small number of good-quality cotton seeds can be produced in a small number of farmers who are more responsible for seed production. After such cotton seeds and seeds are better, the scope of seed production can be expanded. In the rural households, there are phenomena of inferior quality, high quality and adulteration. Some small breeders even use the F2 generation to impersonate the F1 generation hybrid cotton, which makes it difficult to ensure the purity and quality. In addition, the germination rate is not high, the resistance is not strong, and the yield will naturally decline. Therefore, the selection of cotton varieties should be selected from the major varieties of cotton in the backbone industry, in particular, the selection of brand-name cotton varieties that have passed the provincial or national certification, and do not attempt to use unapproved, parallel-type cotton varieties.
Can second and second generation cotton seeds be planted?
The types of cotton used in the market today are both hybrid cotton and conventional cotton. From the perspective of the field survey, it is certain that hybrid F1 hybrids, which are commonly used in hybrid cotton, are more common than conventional cotton, and hybrid cotton species are generally about 10% more productive than conventional cotton varieties. The original species of conventional cotton seeds is also more confident than other generations. Regardless of hybrid cotton or conventional cotton, the more generations of species, the more and more degraded the quality. First, the weight of single bolls decreases, and the number of lint decreases. In terms of insect-resistant cotton, the resistance to insects is greatly reduced. It is generally not advisable to use hybrid F2 cotton or conventional cotton second cotton. Some large cotton planters with an area of ​​more than 100 mu, in order to save costs, under the premise of optimizing management, a small amount of hybrid F2 cotton can be used as appropriate.
Third, the big bell cotton varieties can be high yield and high quality?
When farmers choose cotton varieties, they often use it as a standard for purchasing seed. As long as they listen to radio broadcasts and see advertisements about the big bell variety, they are cheated. Many of our agricultural research institutes do not have the resources of large bell cotton varieties, or are not in a hurry to launch them. This is because their quality has not yet passed, or the traits are still unstable, and some single bells weigh more than 8 grams, but the bell shells are thick. It is not good to pick flowers. Some bells are large, but the clothes are very low, and some bells are big, but the amount of fat is too high. Therefore, you cannot blindly pursue large bell varieties. From the current level of China's cotton breeding, the average single boll heavy hybrid cotton 6.1 to 6.5 grams, conventional cotton 5.5 to 6.0 grams is more practical, is the type of choice.
Fourth, why are some cotton varieties unable to produce high yields?
In general, authentic cotton varieties are available for high yields, but good varieties must be supported by good methods to ensure high yields. It is not enough to buy good varieties only. It is necessary to create conditions in the ecological environment of temperature, light, water, fertilizer, and gas to meet the requirements. Demand can promote the normal growth and development of cotton. For example, planting insect-resistant cotton varieties must be scientifically applied with potash fertilizer. Planting early-maturing varieties must be sufficient for applying peach fertilizer. For vegetatively vigorous varieties, it is necessary to apply delayed-type plant growth regulators to control plant shape. Only good and good methods are available. Supporting can promote the high yield of cotton.
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